1978–1991 clan rebellion against President Siad Barre
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Somali Rebellion
Part of the Revolutions of 1989
Date
10 April 1978 – 26 January 1991[4] (12 years, 9 months, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Somali Democratic Republic
Result
Rebel victory
The Isaaq Genocide takes place between 1987 and 1989.
Collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic
Beginning of the Somali Civil War
Belligerents
Somali Democratic Republic
SNA (until 1991)
USC[1] SNM SPM SSDF Supported by: Ethiopia[2][3]
Commanders and leaders
Siad Barre Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan Muhammad Ali Samatar
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed Mohamed Farrah Aidid Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur[5] Bashir Bililiqo
v
t
e
Post-1960 conflicts in the Horn of Africa
Eritrean War of Independence
Eritrean civil wars
1961 revolt in Somalia
Bale revolt
Somali–Kenyan conflict
Shifta
Rhamu
Ethiopian–Somali conflict
1963 Ogaden Rebellion
1964
Ogaden
1982
2022 Al-Shabaab
Oromo conflict
Ethiopian Civil War
Somali Civil War
Rebellion
Puntland–Somaliland
2006–09
2009–present
Somaliland War of Independence
Djiboutian Civil War
Insurgency in Ogaden
2007–08
Second Afar insurgency
Gedeo–Guji clashes
Hanish Islands conflict
Eritrean–Ethiopian War
border conflict
OEF – Horn of Africa
Djiboutian–Eritrean conflict
Ethiopian civil conflict
Afar–Somali
Oromia–Somali
OLA insurgency
Benishangul-Gumuz
Tigray War
War in Amhara
Al-Fashaga conflict
v
t
e
Somali Civil War
v
t
e
Somali Rebellion
Somaliland War of Independence
Isaaq genocide
Mogadishu riots of July 1989
Eastern Exit
v
t
e
United Nations Intervention in Somalia (1992–1995)
UNOSOM I
Provide Relief
UNITAF / Restore Hope
Deliverance
Somalia affair
UNOSOM II
Pakistani Peacekeepers
UN killings of protestors
Abdi House raid
Checkpoint Pasta
Gothic Serpent
Black Hawk Down
United Shield
Consolidation Period (1995-2006)
v
t
e
Rise of the Islamic Courts Union
Mogadishu
Baidoa
v
t
e
War in Somalia (2006–2009)
Timeline
2006
2007
2008
2009
Battles
1st Baidoa
Bandiradley
1st Beledweyne
Jowhar
Mogadishu (fall)
Jilib
1st Kismayo
Ras Kamboni
1st Mogadishu
Bargal
2nd Mogadishu
3rd Mogadishu
Al-Hidayah Mosque
2nd Beledweyne
2nd Baidoa
2nd Kismayo
v
t
e
Somali Civil War (2009–present)
Timeline
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operations and battles
2009
S Mogadishu
Mogadishu
C Somalia
Wabho
Kismayo
2010
Beledweyne
Ayn
Kenyan border
Mogadishu
2011
Lower Juba
Gedo
Elwaq
Linda Nchi
Deynile
Beledweyne
2012
Yurkud
Kismayo
2013
Bulo Marer
2014
Operation Indian Ocean
Galgala
2015
Baure
Leego
Janale
2016
El Adde
Qandala
2017
Kulbiyow
Barii
Af Urur
Golweyn
November 2017
2018
Bulo Marer
Gandarshe
2020
Camp Simba
Shabeelow
2021
Mogadishu
Golweyn
Galmudug
2022
Ethiopia
Bal'ad
Runirgod
2023
Hilowle Gaab
Hawadley
Bulo Marer
Major attacks
2009
AU base
Beledweyne
Hotel Shamo
2010
Mogadishu
Kampala
Muna Hotel
2011
Mogadishu
2013
Mogadishu UN
Mogadishu embassy
Westgate
Beledweyne
2014
Villa Somalia
Hotel Amalo
2015
Central Hotel
Makka al-Mukarama
Garissa
Ministry of Education
Garowe
Jazeera Palace Hotel
Sahafi Hotel
2016
Mogadishu (Jan)
Daallo Airlines Flight 159
Mogadishu (Feb)
Baidoa
Mogadishu (Jun)
Awdiinle
Galkayo
Mogadishu (Aug)
Mogadishu (Nov)
Mogadishu (Dec)
2017
Mogadishu (2 Jan)
Dayah Hotel
Mogadishu (Feb)
Mogadishu (14 Oct)
Mogadishu (28 Oct)
2018
Mogadishu (Feb)
Mogadishu (Mar)
Mogadishu (Jul)
Baidoa
Mogadishu (2 Sep)
Sahafi Hotel
Mogadishu (Dec)
2019
Nairobi DusitD2
Nairobi Latema Rd
Mogadishu (4 Feb)
Mogadishu (28 Feb)
Mogadishu (Mar)
Kismayo
Mogadishu (22 Jul)
Mogadishu (24 Jul)
Kenya bus
Mogadishu (Dec)
2020
Afgooye
Baidoa Eid
Mogadishu (8 Aug)
Mogadishu (16 Aug)
Galkayo
2021
Mogadishu (Mar)
Mogadishu (Jun)
Mogadishu (Nov)
2022
Mandera
Beledweyne (Feb)
Beledweyne and Mogadishu (Mar)
Mogadishu (Apr)
Mogadishu (Aug)
Beledweyne (Sep)
Beledweyne (Oct)
Kismayo
Mogadishu (Oct)
Mogadishu (Nov)
2023
Mahas
Buloburde and Jalalaqsi
Mogadishu (Jun)
Mogadishu (Jul)
Beledweyne
Mogadishu (Sep)
2024
Mogadishu market (Mar)
Mogadishu hotel (Mar)
Dhanaane Busley base (Mar)
The Somali Rebellion was the beginning of the civil war in Somalia that occurred in the 1980s and early 1990s. The rebellion started in 1978 when President Siad Barre began using his special forces, the "Red Berets" (Duub Cas), to attack clan-based dissident groups opposed to his regime. The dissidents had been becoming more powerful for nearly a decade following his abrupt switch of allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States and the disastrous 1977-78 Ogaden War.
When Barre was injured in an automobile accident on May 23, 1986, rivals within his own government and from opposition groups became bolder and entered into open conflict. Siad Barre's flight from the capital, on January 26, 1991, marked a distinct shift in the conflict. From that date, fighting continued up until the April 1992 United Nations mission to Somalia, UNOSOM I, followed two years later by UNOSOM II. Barre's collective punishment[6] referred to his clan-based violence against what he viewed as rival clan members during the anti-Barre Somali Rebellion. The most egregious forms of clan-based violence perpetrated by the Barre dictatorship were against the Isaaq and Majeerteen clans.[7]
^Mukhtar, Mohamed Haji (2003-02-25). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810866041.
^Cohen, Robin (2 November 1995). The Cambridge Survey of World Migration. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44405-7. in return for depriving the snm of its.
^Cordesman, Anthony H. (6 October 2016). After The Storm: The Changing Military Balance in the Middle East. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4742-9257-3.
^"Military Coup Foiled, Somali Leader Reports". The Washington Post. 10 April 1978.
^Clan Cleansing in Somalia: The Ruinous Legacy of 1991 - Page 80, Lidwien Kapteijns - 2012
^Nafziger, E (2003). Economic Development, Inequality and War. p. 85. ... not to mention that many of Barre's acts against clans (especially Issaq and, after 1978, Majerteen) themselves were acts of...
The SomaliRebellion was the beginning of the civil war in Somalia that occurred in the 1980s and early 1990s. The rebellion started in 1978 when President...
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Global Information
USC[1]
SNM
SPM
Ethiopia[2][3]