Somali Armed Forces information

Somali Armed Forces
Somali Armed Forces
Xoogga Dalka Soomaaliyeed
	Emblem of the Somali Armed Forces
Founded	12 April 1960
Current form	August 2008
Service branches	Somali National Army; Somali Navy; Somali Air Force
Headquarters	Mogadishu, Somalia
Leadership
Commander-in-chief	Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Minister of Defence	Abdulkadir Mohamed Nur
Chief of Defence Force	Brigadier General Ibrahim Sheikh Muhyadin Addow
Personnel
Active personnel	apx 45,000 (2023)
Industry
Foreign suppliers	Belarus; China; Cuba; Czech Republic; Hungary; Iran; North Korea; Poland; Russia; Turkey; Ukraine; Vietnam
Related articles
History	See list Shifta War; 1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War; Somali invasion of Ogaden; Ogaden War; Rhamu Incident; Somaliland War of Independence; 1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War; Somali Rebellion; Somalia War (2006–2009); Isaaq Genocide; Somali Civil War (2009–present); Operation Indian Ocean (2014); ;
Ranks	Military ranks of Somalia

The Somali Armed Forces are the military forces of the Federal Republic of Somalia.^[9] Headed by the president as commander-in-chief, they are constitutionally mandated to ensure the nation's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity.^[10]

In 1990 the Armed Forces were made up of the Army, Air Force, Air Defence Force, and Navy.^[11] From the early 1960s to 1977, the period when good relations existed between Somalia and the Soviet Union, the Armed Forces had the largest armored and mechanized force in sub-Saharan Africa.^[12] Due to Siad Barre's increasing reliance on his own clan, splitting the Armed Forces along clan lines,^[13] and the Somali Rebellion, by 1988 they began to disintegrate.^[14] By the time Barre fled Mogadishu in January 1991, the last cohesive army grouping, the 'Red Berets,' had deteriorated into a clan militia.^[15]

An unsteady rebuilding process began after 2000, and gained pace after the Djibouti Agreement of 2008. The northeastern region of Puntland maintains its own separate military forces.

^ ^a ^b Robinson 2016, p. 242.
^ "Somalia's defence minister, military chief, arrive in Beledweyne". 12 July 2023.
^ Robinson, Colin D. "Rebuilding armies in southern Somalia: What currently should donors realistically aim for?," Conflict, Security & Development (2021): 320, 330-331.
^ Richards, Rebecca (24 February 2016). Understanding Statebuilding: Traditional Governance and the Modern State in Somaliland. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-00466-0.
^ Reinl, James. "Investigating genocide in Somaliland". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 7 May 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
^ Strategic Survey, 1989–1990 (1990), p. 87, International Institute for Strategic Studies
^ Fitzgerald 2002, p. 57.
^ Geldenhuys, p.131
^ ILO 2012.
^ ILO 2012, p. Chapter 14, Article 126(3).
^ Metz 1993, p. 204.
^ Metz 1993, p. 196.
^ Alex de Waal, “Contemporary Warfare in Africa,” in Restructuring the Global Military Sector Vol. 1: New Wars, ed. Mary Kaldor and Basker Vashee (London: Pinter, 1997).
^ Compagnon 1992, p. 9.
^ Robinson 2019b, p. 424.

[FOOTNOTERobinson2016242-1] Robinson 2016, p. 242.

[2] "Somalia's defence minister, military chief, arrive in Beledweyne". 12 July 2023.

[3] Robinson, Colin D. "Rebuilding armies in southern Somalia: What currently should donors realistically aim for?," Conflict, Security & Development (2021): 320, 330-331.

[:23-4] Richards, Rebecca (24 February 2016). Understanding Statebuilding: Traditional Governance and the Modern State in Somaliland. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-00466-0.

[Al_Jazeera_geno-5] Reinl, James. "Investigating genocide in Somaliland". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 7 May 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.

[:56-6] Strategic Survey, 1989–1990 (1990), p. 87, International Institute for Strategic Studies

[FOOTNOTEFitzgerald200257-7] Fitzgerald 2002, p. 57.

[:43-8] Geldenhuys, p.131

[FOOTNOTEILO2012-9] ILO 2012.

[FOOTNOTEILO2012Chapter_14,_Article_126(3)-10] ILO 2012, p. Chapter 14, Article 126(3).

[FOOTNOTEMetz1993204-11] Metz 1993, p. 204.

[FOOTNOTEMetz1993196-12] Metz 1993, p. 196.

[13] Alex de Waal, “Contemporary Warfare in Africa,” in Restructuring the Global Military Sector Vol. 1: New Wars, ed. Mary Kaldor and Basker Vashee (London: Pinter, 1997).

[FOOTNOTECompagnon19929-14] Compagnon 1992, p. 9.

[FOOTNOTERobinson2019b424-15] Robinson 2019b, p. 424.

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