This article is about the geological feature. For the chess opening, see Siberian Trap.
The extent of the Siberian Traps (map in German)
The Siberian Traps (Russian: Сибирские траппы, romanized: Sibirskiye trappy) is a large region of volcanic rock, known as a large igneous province, in Siberia, Russia. The massive eruptive event that formed the traps is one of the largest known volcanic events in the last 500 million years.
The eruptions continued for roughly two million years and spanned the Permian–Triassic boundary, or P–T boundary, which occurred around 251.9 million years ago. The Siberian Traps are believed to be the primary cause of the Permian–Triassic extinction event, the most severe extinction event in the geologic record.[1][2][3][4] Subsequent periods of Siberian Traps activity have been linked to a number of smaller biotic crises, including the Smithian-Spathian, Olenekian-Anisian, Middle-Late Anisian, and Anisian-Ladinian extinction events.[5]
Large volumes of basaltic lava covered a large expanse of Siberia in a flood basalt event. Today, the area is covered by about 7 million km2 (3 million sq mi) of basaltic rock, with a volume of around 4 million km3 (1 million cu mi).[6]
^Kamo, SL (2003). "Rapid eruption of Siberian flood-volcanic rocks and evidence for coincidence with the Permian–Triassic boundary and mass extinction at 251 Ma". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 214 (1–2): 75–91. Bibcode:2003E&PSL.214...75K. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00347-9.
^Sun, Yadong; Joachimski, Wignall, Yan, Chen, Jiang, Wang, La (October 27, 2013). "Lethally Hot Temperatures During the Early Triassic Greenhouse". Science. 338 (6105): 366–70. Bibcode:2012Sci...338..366S. doi:10.1126/science.1224126. PMID 23087244. S2CID 41302171.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^"New Studies of Permian Extinction Shed Light On the Great Dying", New York Times, April 30, 2012. Retrieved on May 2, 2012.
^Krivolutskaya, N. A.; Konyshev, A. A.; Kuzmin, D. V.; Nikogosian, I. K.; Krasheninnikov, S. P.; Gongalsky, B. I.; Demidova, S. I.; Mironov, N. L.; Svirskaya, N. M.; Fedulov, V. S. (2022-12-01). "Is the Permian–Triassic Mass Extinction Related to the Siberian Traps?". Geochemistry International. 60 (13): 1323–1351. Bibcode:2022GeocI..60.1323K. doi:10.1134/S0016702922130067. hdl:1871.1/bf9f35ef-57e6-4acb-826f-22cad723e69d. ISSN 1556-1968. S2CID 256946122.
^Paton, M. T.; Ivanov, A. V.; Fiorentini, M. L.; McNaughton, M. J.; Mudrovska, I.; Reznitskii, L. Z.; Demonterova, E. I. (1 September 2010). "Late Permian and Early Triassic magmatic pulses in the Angara–Taseeva syncline, Southern Siberian Traps and their possible influence on the environment". Russian Geology and Geophysics. 51 (9): 1012–1020. Bibcode:2010RuGG...51.1012P. doi:10.1016/j.rgg.2010.08.009. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
^Ivanov, Alexei V.; He, Huayiu; Yan, Liekun; Ryabov, Viktor V.; Shevko, Artem Y.; Palesskii, Stanislav V.; Nikolaeva, Irina V. (2013). "Siberian Traps large igneous province: Evidence for two flood basalt pulses around the Permo-Triassic boundary and in the Middle Triassic, and contemporaneous granitic magmatism". Earth-Science Reviews. 122: 58–76. Bibcode:2013ESRv..122...58I. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.04.001.
The SiberianTraps (Russian: Сибирские траппы, romanized: Sibirskiye trappy) is a large region of volcanic rock, known as a large igneous province, in...
during the Late Carboniferous, as part of the formation of Pangea. The SiberianTraps were formed by one of the largest-known volcanic events of the last...
000 km2 (200,000 sq mi). The Deccan Traps are segmented into three stratigraphic units: the Upper, Middle, and Lower traps. While it was previously interpreted...
provinces or "traps", the Emeishan Traps are multiple layers of igneous rock laid down by large mantle plume volcanic eruptions. The Emeishan Traps eruptions...
The West Siberian petroleum basin (also known as the West Siberian hydrocarbon province or Western Siberian oil basin) is the largest hydrocarbon (petroleum...
mantle plume. Flood basalt provinces such as the Deccan Traps of India are often called traps, after the Swedish word trappa (meaning "staircase"), due...
diabase, and gabbro. Trap is also used to refer to flood (plateau) basalts, e.g. the Deccan Traps and SiberianTraps. The erosion of trap rock created by the...
chess, a trap is a move which tempts the opponent to play a bad move. Traps are common in all phases of the game; in the opening, some traps have occurred...
The Siberian tiger or Amur tiger is a population of the tiger subspecies Panthera tigris tigris native to the Russian Far East, Northeast China and possibly...
igneous province called the SiberianTraps, formed by a massive eruption occurred 250 million years ago. The formation of the traps coincided with the Permian–Triassic...
; Fedorenko, V.; Hill, R.; Stepanov, V. (1992). "Synchronism of the SiberianTraps and the Permian-Triassic Boundary". Science. 258 (5089): 1760–63. Bibcode:1992Sci...
plateau's major river is the Lower Tunguska. Known geologically as the SiberianTraps, mineral resources here are very rich and include coal, iron ore, gold...
The Siberian weasel or kolonok (Mustela sibirica), is a medium-sized weasel native to Asia, where it is widely distributed and inhabits various forest...
The Tunguska Basin is a sedimentary basin, in Siberia. Much of the SiberianTraps Large Igneous Province is inside. The area is of about 400,000 square...
1130/G20574.1. Goodwin, Anna; Wyles, Jon & Morley, Alex (2001). "The SiberianTraps". Palaeobiology and Biodiversity Research Group, Department of Earth...
of terrestrial species died out, associated with the eruption of the SiberianTraps. It took well into the Triassic for life to recover from this catastrophe;...
The earliest known flood basalt event is the one that produced the SiberianTraps and is associated with the end-Permian extinction. Some of the extinctions...
Deccan traps in India, the Siberiantraps of Asia, the Karoo-Ferrar basalts/dolerites in South Africa and Antarctica, the Paraná and Etendeka traps in South...
massive eruptions. Large igneous provinces, such as Iceland, the SiberianTraps, Deccan Traps, and the Ontong Java Plateau, are extensive regions of basalts...
included the Deccan Traps in India, the Chilcotin Group in British Columbia, Canada, the Paraná Traps in Brazil, the SiberianTraps in Russia, the Karoo...
produced the Emeishan Traps began c. 260 million years ago (Ma). In volume, the Emeishan Traps are dwarfed by the massive SiberianTraps, which occurred, in...
is of hydrothermal origin, and probably related to Permian-Triassic SiberianTraps magmatism. In 2013, a team of researchers published the results of an...
after the discharge of titanic volumes of greenhouse gases from the SiberianTraps. The Early Triassic began with the Permian-Triassic Thermal Maximum...
Permian–Triassic boundary place the putative crater directly antipodal to the SiberianTraps, and Frese et al. (2009) use the controversial theory that impacts can...
superplumes, similar to the conditions that created the Deccan Traps and the SiberianTraps. The volcano is one of four total located inside cities in the...
Early Triassic may have been caused by late volcanic eruptions of the SiberianTraps, which had probably triggered the Permian-Triassic extinction event...
parallel to Novaya Zemlya was probably deformed during the eruption of the SiberianTraps in the Late Permian and Early Triassic. Baltica's western margin is...
Syverma Plateau. The Putorana area is mainly composed of basalt from the SiberianTraps. The Putorana region is located above the Arctic Circle. The climate...
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