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Mantle plume information


A superplume generated by cooling processes in the mantle (LVZ = low-velocity zone)[1]

A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism.[2] Because the plume head partially melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian Traps. Some such volcanic regions lie far from tectonic plate boundaries, while others represent unusually large-volume volcanism near plate boundaries.

  1. ^ Based upon Figure 17 in Matyska, Ctirad; Yuen, David A. (2007). "Lower-mantle material properties and convection models of multiscale plumes". In Foulger, G. R.; Jurdy, D. M. (eds.). Plates, plumes, and planetary processes. Geological Society of America. p. 159. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.487.8049. doi:10.1130/2007.2430(08). ISBN 978-0-8137-2430-0.
  2. ^ "The question of mantle plumes". www.earthmagazine.org. Retrieved 2022-08-05.

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Mantle plume

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A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth's mantle, hypothesized to explain anomalous volcanism. Because the plume head partially...

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Iceland hotspot

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of Iceland is attributed to this plume, according to the theory of W. Jason Morgan. It is believed that a mantle plume underlies Iceland, of which the...

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mantle plumes has required progressive hypothesis-elaboration leading to variant propositions such as mini-plumes and pulsing plumes. Mantle plumes were...

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conditions in the lithosphere and upper mantle convection. Others suggest an origin in the deep mantle (mantle plume). Part of the controversy is the relatively...

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Benue Trough

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refinement of the model involves the rise of a mantle plume, where abnormal heat results in melting of the upper mantle, thinning and stretching the crust, followed...

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Ocean island basalt

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Earth's mantle, called mantle plumes. Some such hotspot volcanic chains are believed to have started with the formation of large igneous provinces. Mantle plume...

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East African Rift

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of mantle plumes beneath the EAR. Others proposed an African superplume causing mantle deformation. Although the effects of deep-rooted mantle plumes are...

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Deccan Traps

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associated with a deep mantle plume. High 3He/4He ratios of the main pulse of the eruption are often seen in magmas with mantle plume origin. The area of...

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Mantle convection

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show slab and plume-like anomalies crossing the mantle transition zone. Although it is accepted that subducting slabs cross the mantle transition zone...

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magnetic anomalies have been detected in the northern plains. Single plume mantle convection has also been invoked to explain the hemispheric dichotomy...

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Volcanism in The Balleny Islands: Melting of Plume-Delivered Deep Mantle or Shallow Asthenospheric Mantle?" (PDF). Seventh Annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference...

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Lower mantle

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the lower mantle has been shown to induce a spin transition of iron-bearing bridgmanite and ferropericlase, which may affect both mantle plume dynamics...

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across mantle plumes, each volcano becomes inactive as it drifts off the plume, and new volcanoes are created where the plate advances over the plume. The...

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Magma

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Central America that are attributed to a hot mantle plume. No modern komatiite lavas are known, as the Earth's mantle has cooled too much to produce highly magnesian...

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Opening of the North Atlantic Ocean

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continued to expand. The Iceland plume is a mantle plume under Iceland that carries hot material from the deep within Earth's mantle upwards to the crust. The...

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Upper mantle

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warmer regions, such as mantle plumes. This is the most complex discontinuity and marks the boundary between the upper and lower mantle. It appears in PP precursors...

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New England hotspot

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the North American Plate over a fixed mantle plume. During the first major episodes of volcanic activity, the plume created the igneous intrusions of the...

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Anahim hotspot

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the Anahim hotspot might be supplied by a mantle plume from the upper mantle rather than a deep-seated plume proposed by Wilson. Tomographic imaging has...

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Hawaii hotspot

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proposed in 1963 by John Tuzo Wilson, proposes that a single, fixed mantle plume builds volcanoes that then, cut off from their source by the movement...

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Plume

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through another fluid Eruption plume, a column of volcanic ash and gas emitted into the atmosphere during an eruption Mantle plume, an upwelling of hot rock...

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Gillian Foulger

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debate in the category of Earth Science, on whether or not deep mantle thermal plumes exist and create “hot spot” volcanism. Foulger is a professor of...

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Volcanic plume

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during an explosive volcanic eruption Mantle plume, an upwelling of abnormally hot rock within the Earth's mantle, which can cause volcanic hotspots This...

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Geology of Iceland

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discussed mantle plume/hotspot assumption into question. Some geologists believe there is not enough definitive evidence to suggest a mantle plume exists...

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Flood basalt

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attributed to the onset of a hotspot reaching the surface of the Earth via a mantle plume. Flood basalt provinces such as the Deccan Traps of India are often called...

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Geology of Cape Verde

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underlain by a mantle plume and that this plume is responsible for the volcanic activity and associated geothermal anomalies. Evidence for a plume origin includes...

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