Schaffer collaterals are axon collaterals given off by CA3 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus. These collaterals project to area CA1 of the hippocampus[1] and are an integral part of memory formation and the emotional network of the Papez circuit, and of the hippocampal trisynaptic loop. It is one of the most studied synapses in the world and named after the Hungarian anatomist-neurologist Károly Schaffer.
As a part of the hippocampal structures, Schaffer collaterals develop the limbic system, which plays a critical role in the aspects of learning and memory. The signals of information from the contralateral CA3 region leave via the Schaffer collateral pathways for the CA1 pyramidal neurons. Mature synapses contain fewer Schaffer collateral branches than those synapses that are not fully developed.[2] Many scientists try to use the Schaffer collateral synapse as a sample synapse, a typical excitatory glutamatergic synapse in the cortex that has very well been studied in order to try to identify the rules of both the patterns of stimulation in electrical rules and the chemical mechanisms by which synapses get persistently stronger and which synapses get persistently weaker as well and to develop medication and treatment to cure the chronic diseases, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, they believe that studying the Schaffer collateral can provide a whole range of understanding how Schaffer collaterals allow us to intervene with drug-treatments and with electrical-stimulation so that the quality of human experience can be improved.
^Vago, David R.; Kesner, Raymond P. (June 2008). "Disruption of the direct perforant path input to the CA1 subregion of the dorsal hippocampus interferes with spatial working memory and novelty detection". Behavioural Brain Research. 189 (2): 273–283. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.01.002. PMC 2421012. PMID 18313770.
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Schaffercollaterals are axon collaterals given off by CA3 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus. These collaterals project to area CA1 of the hippocampus...
had Schaffercollaterals similar to CA3 pyramidal cells. Amaral (1978) showed that the mossy cells in the CA4 of Lorente de Nó did not have schaffer collaterals...
learning-impaired, aging rat models. It has been shown to increase Schaffercollateral-CA1 long-term potentiation in vitro. In concert with a learning task...
and contralateral CA1 regions through a set of fibers called the Schaffercollaterals, and commissural pathway, respectively. Region CA1 receives input...
the field EPSP (fEPSP) in stratum radiatum of CA1 in response to Schaffercollateral stimulation. This is the signal seen by an extracellular electrode...
synaptic activity originating from a different brain region, the Schaffercollateral. Astrocytes integrate and modulate information from their synaptic...
neocortex), which project mainly to the CA1 pyramidal neurons via the Schaffercollateral pathway. The CA3 pyramidal neurons have been analogized as the "pacemaker"...
"Neuropsin is essential for early processes of memory acquisition and Schaffercollateral long-term potentiation in adult mouse hippocampus in vivo". The Journal...
chicks Calyx of Held in the brainstem Ribbon synapse in the retina Schaffercollateral synapses in the hippocampus. These synapses are small, but their...
Thomas G. (2013). "Developmental Refinement of Vesicle Cycling at SchafferCollateral Synapses". Neuron. 77 (6): 1109–1121. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01...
fluid, Foramina of Scarpa, Scarpa's ganglion Károly Schaffer 1864–1939 Hungary Schaffercollateral Andrew Schally 1926– France Nobel Prize in Physiology...
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