Founding Amir of the Ghaznavid Empire from 977 to 997
Not to be confused with the Buyid general, Sabuktakin.
Sabuktigin
Coin of Sabuktigin, citing the Samanid amir Nuh II as his suzerain. Date unknown, minted at Ghazna
Amir of Ghazna
Reign
977 – 997
Predecessor
Böritigin
Successor
Ismail
Born
c. 940s Barskhan (present-day Kyrgyzstan)
Died
August-September 997
Issue
Mahmud Abu al-Muzzafar Nasr Ismail Yusuf Hurra-yi Khuttali
Names
Laqab: Nasir ad-Din wa'd-Dawla Kunya: Abu Mansur Given name: Sabuktigin
Dynasty
Ghaznavids
Religion
Sunni Islam (Karramiyya)
Abu Mansur Nasir ad-Din wa'd-Dawla Sabuktigin[a] (Persian: ابومنصور ناصرالدین والدوله سبکتگین; c. 940s – August-September 997) was the founder of the Ghaznavid dynasty, and amir of Ghazna from 977 to 997. Sabuktigin was a Turkic slave who was bought by Alp-Tegin, the commander of the royal guard of the Samanid dynasty. Alp-Tegin established himself as the governor of Ghazna in 962, and died a year later in 963. Afterwards, Sabuktigin built his prestige among other slave soldiers in Ghazna until he was elected by them as their ruler in 977.
Sabuktigin expanded his rule down to south of present-day Afghanistan and north of Balochistan. Through conflicts with the Hindu Shahi dynasty of Kabul, he invaded Indian lands, opening the gates of India for the future monarchs of his dynasty. As a vassal of the Samanid Empire, he answered Nuh II's call to help regarding Abu Ali Simjuri's rebellion, defeating the latter in several battles during 994 to 996. Towards the end of his life, Sabuktigin arranged an agreement with the Kara-Khanid Khanate, Samanids' rivals, to partition Nuh's realm between themselves. However, before he could realize this agreement, he died on his way to Ghazna on August-September 997.
As the founder of the Ghaznavid dynasty, Sabuktigin was later idealized by Ghaznavid historians as a just and forgiving ruler, though these traits may have no basis in reality. He was the image of the "founding monarch" archetype, developed by historians such as Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, who drew a contrast between the humble and just Sabuktigin with his successors. This conclusion was shared by later historians such as Nizam al-Mulk and lived all the way to Babur, the founding monarch of the Mughal Empire, who was influenced by Sabuktigin half a millennium his death.
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Abu Mansur Nasir ad-Din wa'd-Dawla Sabuktigin (Persian: ابومنصور ناصرالدین والدوله سبکتگین; c. 940s – August-September 997) was the founder of the Ghaznavid...
Oxus to the Indus Valley from 977 to 1186. The dynasty was founded by Sabuktigin upon his succession to the rule of Ghazna after the death of his father-in-law...
rule in the region. By the end of the tenth century, the Ghaznavid ruler Sabuktigin captured the region between Laghman and Peshawar from the Hindu Shahi...
Sabuktigin was inclined to grant peace to Jayapala but his son Mahmud wanted total victory. Jaypala upon hearing Mahmud's plans warned Sabuktigin, "You...
Laghman in present-day Afghanistan, between the Ghaznavid empire under Sabuktigin and the Hindu Shahis under Jayapala in 988 CE. The Ghaznavids defeated...
Second Battle of Laghman was fought between the Ghaznavid forces under Sabuktigin and the Hindu Shahi under Jayapala near Laghman in 991 AD. It took place...
Abu al-Qasim Mahmud ibn Sabuktigin (Persian: ابوالقاسم محمود بن سبکتگین, romanized: Abu al-Qāṣim Maḥmūd ibn Sabuktigīn; 2 November 971 – 30 April 1030)...
states, Multan and Mansura. The city of Kabul was under the command of Sabuktigin, however, the Hindu Shahi rulers stationed at Udabhandapur had been making...
emir Sabuktigin, who died of an illness acquired in Balkh during a campaign in the Samanid civil war. Ismail was designated his successor by Sabuktigin on...
administered the state. Muhammad shortly appointed his uncle Yusuf ibn Sabuktigin as the commander-in-chief of the army. Although Muhammad did not possess...
amirs sent to collect the tribute. Sabuktigin launched another invasion in retaliation. According to al-Utbi, Sabuktigin attacked Lamghan, conquering it...
forces in the beginning of the ninth century. At length, in 975 AD, Sultan Sabuktigin, Governor of Khorassan and father of the celebrated Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi...
armies occurred when Sabuktigin invaded the area and fought the Hindu Shahis under their king, Anandpal. On 28 November 1001, Sabuktigin's son Mahmud Ghazni...
threw the commanders into prison, hoping to force Sabuktigin into exchanging hostages. Sabuktigin refused to believe that the treaty had been breached...
were attacked by Sabuktigin who killed and captured many of them while also capturing ten elephants. Böritigin was expelled and Sabuktigin became governor...
the 7th century and were followed in the 9th century by the Saffarids. Sabuktigin made Ghazni the capital of the Ghaznavid Empire in the 10th century. The...
Nasir-ud-din Sabuktigin 977–997 2 No title Ismail 997–998 son of Sabuktigin 3 Yamin ad-Dawlah Abu Qasim Mahmud 998–1030 first son of Sabuktigin 4 Jalal ad-Dawlah...
Afghans and Khiljis (possibly the modern Ghilji) enlisted in the army of Sabuktigin after Jayapala was defeated. Al-Utbi further stated that Afghans and Ghiljis...
The region became part of the Ghaznavid Empire in the 10th century. Sabuktigin annexed the land all the way west of the Neelum River in Kashmir. "The...
Karahanlılar Bilge Kul Qadir Khan 840–1212 Ghaznavid Empire Gazneliler Sabuktigin 977–1186 Great Seljuq Empire Büyük Selçuklu İmparatorluğu Chagri Bey 1037–1194...
Shahi dynasty of Kabul. The Islamic conquest of the area happened under Sabuktigin who conquered Jayapala's dominion west of Peshawar in the 10th century...
subcontinent (part of Pakistan) from 977 to 1186. The dynasty was founded by Sabuktigin upon his succession to rule of the region of Ghazna after the death of...
the Ghaznavids. Repeated waves of invasions led by the Ghaznavid Sultan Sabuktigin lead to the ultimate destruction of this dynasty and the eventual annexation...
needed] Under Sabuktigin, the Ghaznavid Empire found itself in conflict with the Kabul Shahi Raja Jayapala in the east. When Sabuktigin died and his son...
Battle of Laghman near Laghman Sabuktigin Jayapala(Kabul Shahi) Ghaznavids 991 Second Battle of Laghman near Laghman Sabuktigin Jayapala(Kabul Shahi) Ghaznavids...
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