"Clausius" redirects here. For the lunar crater, see Clausius (crater).
Rudolf Clausius
Born
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius
(1822-01-02)2 January 1822
Köslin, Province of Pomerania, Prussia (present-day Koszalin, Poland)
Died
24 August 1888(1888-08-24) (aged 66)
Bonn, Rhine Province, Prussia, German Empire
Nationality
German
Known for
Chemical thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics
Second law of thermodynamics
Originator of the concept of entropy
Entropy production
Disgregation
Ideal gas law
Kinetic theory of gases
Virial theorem
Clausius model
Clausius theorem
Clausius–Mossotti relation
Clausius–Clapeyron relation
Clausius–Duhem inequality
Awards
Poncelet Prize (1882)
Copley Medal (1879)
ForMemRS (1868)
Scientific career
Fields
Physics
Signature
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (German pronunciation:[ˈʁuːdɔlfˈklaʊ̯zi̯ʊs];[1][2] 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founding fathers of the science of thermodynamics.[3] By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle known as the Carnot cycle, he gave the theory of heat a truer and sounder basis. His most important paper, "On the Moving Force of Heat",[4] published in 1850, first stated the basic ideas of the second law of thermodynamics. In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy. In 1870 he introduced the virial theorem, which applied to heat.[5]
^Dudenredaktion; Kleiner, Stefan; Knöbl, Ralf (2015) [First published 1962]. Das Aussprachewörterbuch [The Pronunciation Dictionary] (in German) (7th ed.). Berlin: Dudenverlag. pp. 280, 744. ISBN 978-3-411-04067-4.
^Krech, Eva-Maria; Stock, Eberhard; Hirschfeld, Ursula; Anders, Lutz Christian (2009). Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch [German Pronunciation Dictionary] (in German). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 416, 884. ISBN 978-3-11-018202-6.
^Cardwell, D.S.L. (1971), From Watt to Clausius: The Rise of Thermodynamics in the Early Industrial Age, London: Heinemann, ISBN 978-0-435-54150-7
^Cite error: The named reference Theory of Heat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Clausius, RJE (1870). "On a Mechanical Theorem Applicable to Heat". Philosophical Magazine. 4th Series. 40: 122–127.
Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈklaʊ̯zi̯ʊs]; 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) was a German physicist and mathematician...
violation of the Kelvin statement implies a violation of the Clausius statement, i.e. the Clausius statement implies the Kelvin statement. We can prove in...
by RudolfClausius and essentially describes how to measure the entropy of an isolated system in thermodynamic equilibrium with its parts. Clausius created...
for "force" or "energy", and was given its technical definition by RudolfClausius in 1870. The significance of the virial theorem is that it allows the...
particles of bodies. The process function Q was introduced by RudolfClausius in 1850. Clausius described it with the German compound Wärmemenge, translated...
of entropy formulated by the famed mathematical physicist RudolfClausius. In 1865, Clausius coined the term "entropy" (das Wärmegewicht, symbolized S)...
The Clausius theorem (1855), also known as the Clausius inequality, states that for a thermodynamic system (e.g. heat engine or heat pump) exchanging...
the system) is that of RudolfClausius. The opposite sign convention is customary in chemical thermodynamics. Clausius, Rudolf (1850). On the Motive Power...
Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron in 1834 and mathematically explored by RudolfClausius in 1857, work that led to the fundamental thermodynamic concept of...
was achieved (apparently independently) by August Krönig in 1856 and RudolfClausius in 1857. The state of an amount of gas is determined by its pressure...
was derived by Clausius: ΔS=Q(1T2−1T1){\displaystyle \Delta S=Q\left({\frac {1}{T_{2}}}-{\frac {1}{T_{1}}}\right)} In 1856, Clausius stated what he called...
mechanical point of view of the second law of thermodynamics postulated by RudolfClausius and Lord Kelvin, according to which heat can only be transferred from...
Scottish mathematician and physicist. He was a founding contributor, with RudolfClausius and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), to the science of thermodynamics...
mechanics did not differentiate between past and future motion, but RudolfClausius’ invention of entropy to describe the second law was based on disgregation...
1850–51 – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin & RudolfClausius: Second law of thermodynamics 1857 – RudolfClausius: Introduced translational, rotational, and...
body could do work by pushing on it). In 1850, the German physicist RudolfClausius generalized this picture to include the concept of the surroundings...
of Fire. By 1860, as formalized in the works of scientists such as RudolfClausius and William Thomson, what are now known as the first and second laws...
who were beneficiaries of Magnus's laboratory in the 1840s include RudolfClausius, Hermann Helmholtz and Gustav Wiedemann. Magnus's laboratory, which...
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