The retinohypothalamic tract transmits information on light levels from the eyes to the hypothalamus
Details
Identifiers
Latin
tractus retinohypothalamicus
TA98
A14.1.08.960
TA2
5768
FMA
77010
Anatomical terminology
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In neuroanatomy, the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) is a photic neural input pathway involved in the circadian rhythms of mammals.[1] The origin of the retinohypothalamic tract is the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC), which contain the photopigment melanopsin. The axons of the ipRGCs belonging to the retinohypothalamic tract project directly, monosynaptically, to the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) via the optic nerve and the optic chiasm.[a][2] The suprachiasmatic nuclei receive and interpret information on environmental light, dark and day length, important in the entrainment of the "body clock". They can coordinate peripheral "clocks" and direct the pineal gland to secrete the hormone melatonin.
^Gooley JJ, Lu J, Chou TC, Scammell TE, Saper CB (2001). "Melanopsin in cells of origin of the retinohypothalamic tract". Nat. Neurosci.4 (12): 1165. doi:10.1038/nn768. PMID 11713469. S2CID 19406245.
^Afifi, A.K.; Bergman, R.A. (2005-01-28). Functional Neuroanatomy(paperback) (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-07-140812-7.
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and 28 Related for: Retinohypothalamic tract information
the retinohypothalamictract (RHT) is a photic neural input pathway involved in the circadian rhythms of mammals. The origin of the retinohypothalamic tract...
vision, but are themselves photosensitive; their axons form the retinohypothalamictract and contribute to circadian rhythms and pupillary light reflex...
retinal photosensitive ganglion cells send signals along the retinohypothalamictract to the suprachiasmatic nuclei to effect circadian adjustment and...
receives innervation via three main pathways, the retinohypothalamictract, geniculohypothalamic tract, and projections from some raphe nuclei. The dorsomedial...
has been found in eighteen sites in the human brain (outside the retinohypothalamictract), intracellularly, in a granular pattern, in the cerebral cortex...
containing melanopsin for photosensitivity, sends information via the retinohypothalamictract to the pretectum (pupillary reflex), to several structures involved...
chemogenetic ligands into the eye to stimulate the SCN through the retinohypothalamictract is another possible treatment for sundown syndrome as a similar...
(suprachiasmatic nuclei), not to the visual center, through the retinohypothalamictract which is formed as melanopsin-sensitive axons exit the optic nerve...
more precisely, the photosensitive ganglion cells through the retinohypothalamictract, is responsible for the afferent limb of the pupillary reflex;...
length-of-night information. They send light information via the retinohypothalamictract (RHT) directly to the circadian pacemaker of the brain, the suprachiasmatic...
The neurons in this area receive retinal information from the retinohypothalamictract and then relay the environmental information to the SCN. Further...
efferents to the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus via the retinohypothalamictract. The paraventricular nucleus in turn projects to the superior cervical...
the pineal gland, since there are direct connections, via the retinohypothalamictract and the suprachiasmatic nucleus, between the retina and the pineal...
the inner plexiform layer of the retina. Ultimately, via this retinohypothalamictract (RHT) the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus receives...
specialized photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina via the retinohypothalamictract. The SCN maintains control across the body by synchronizing "slave...
photopigment melanopsin and their signals follow a pathway called the retinohypothalamictract, leading to the SCN. If cells from the SCN are removed and cultured...
are not involved in vision. The information travels through the retinohypothalamictract (RHT). In most species the hormone melatonin is produced by the...
(May 1998). "Vitamin B2-based blue-light photoreceptors in the retinohypothalamictract as the photoactive pigments for setting the circadian clock in...
cells which signal to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via the retinohypothalamictract (RHT). Excitation of the RHT signals the release of glutamate which...
it ordinarily receives input from the optic nerves, through the retinohypothalamictract (RHT), that allows daily light-dark cycles to calibrate the clock...
the eye send information about environmental light through the retinohypothalamictract to the SCN. The SCN regulates the pineal gland, which secretes...
synthesis is also regulated by the nervous system. Nerve fibers in the retinohypothalamictract connect the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN...
the day-night cycle to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via the retinohypothalamictract. The SCN evokes a response from the spinal cord. Preganglionic...
for Alxa Right Banner Badanjilin Airport, Inner Mongolia, China Retinohypothalamictract Right-hand traffic Randomized Hough transform, in image processing...
later demonstrated the presence of glutamate receptors within the retinohypothalamictract of brown Norwegian rats through the use of immunogold labeling...
(2019) Sadun, A. A., Schaechter, J. D., & Smith, L. E. (1984). A retinohypothalamic pathway in man: light mediation of circadian rhythms. Brain research...
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