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Relativistic images information


Animated simulation of gravitational lensing caused by a black hole going past a background galaxy

Relativistic images are images of gravitational lensing which result due to light deflections by angles .

This term was coined by Virbhadra and Ellis[1] in the year 2000 and is used by many researchers working in this field[2] (see also in [a], [b], and [c].) They further defined a term relativistic Einstein rings.[1]

  1. ^ a b Virbhadra, K. S.; Ellis, George F. R. (2000-09-08). "Schwarzschild black hole lensing". Physical Review D. 62 (8). American Physical Society (APS): 084003. arXiv:astro-ph/9904193. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62h4003V. doi:10.1103/physrevd.62.084003. ISSN 0556-2821. S2CID 15956589.
  2. ^ See:
    • Bin-Nun, Amitai Y. (2010-06-16). "Relativistic images in Randall-Sundrum II braneworld lensing". Physical Review D. 81 (12): 123011. arXiv:0912.2081. Bibcode:2010PhRvD..81l3011B. doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.123011. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 5704419.
    • Tsupko, O. Yu.; Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S. (2009). "Relativistic rings due to Schwarzschild gravitational lensing". Gravitation and Cosmology. 15 (2). Pleiades Publishing Ltd: 184–187. Bibcode:2009GrCo...15..184T. doi:10.1134/s0202289309020182. ISSN 0202-2893. S2CID 120088537.
    • Eiroa, Ernesto F.; Romero, Gustavo E.; Torres, Diego F. (2002-07-02). "Reissner-Nordström black hole lensing". Physical Review D. 66 (2): 024010. arXiv:gr-qc/0203049. Bibcode:2002PhRvD..66b4010E. doi:10.1103/physrevd.66.024010. ISSN 0556-2821. S2CID 12504121.
    • DEY, TUSHAR KANTI; SEN, SURAJIT (2008-04-30). "Gravitational Lensing by Wormholes". Modern Physics Letters A. 23 (13): 953–962. arXiv:0806.4059. Bibcode:2008MPLA...23..953D. doi:10.1142/s0217732308025498. ISSN 0217-7323. S2CID 7909286.
    • Eiroa, Ernesto F. (2005-04-12). "Braneworld black hole gravitational lens: Strong field limit analysis". Physical Review D. 71 (8). American Physical Society (APS): 083010. arXiv:gr-qc/0410128. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..71h3010E. doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.083010. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 14585512.
    • Bozza, V. (2003-05-22). "Quasiequatorial gravitational lensing by spinning black holes in the strong field limit". Physical Review D. 67 (10): 103006. arXiv:gr-qc/0210109. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..67j3006B. doi:10.1103/physrevd.67.103006. ISSN 0556-2821. S2CID 119397160.
    • Bhadra, A. (2003-05-27). "Gravitational lensing by a charged black hole of string theory". Physical Review D. 67 (10). American Physical Society (APS): 103009. arXiv:gr-qc/0306016. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..67j3009B. doi:10.1103/physrevd.67.103009. ISSN 0556-2821. S2CID 33555724.
    • Sarkar, Kabita; Bhadra, Arunava (2006-10-06). "Strong field gravitational lensing in scalar–tensor theories". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 23 (22): 6101–6113. arXiv:gr-qc/0602087. Bibcode:2006CQGra..23.6101S. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/23/22/002. ISSN 0264-9381. S2CID 10741616.
    • Liu, Yue; Chen, Songbai; Jing, Jiliang (2010-06-07). "Strong gravitational lensing in a squashed Kaluza-Klein black hole spacetime". Physical Review D. 81 (12): 124017. arXiv:1003.1429. Bibcode:2010PhRvD..81l4017L. doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.124017. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 118842469.
    • Gyulchev, Galin N.; Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S. (2007-01-17). "Kerr-Sen dilaton-axion black hole lensing in the strong deflection limit". Physical Review D. 75 (2): 023006. arXiv:gr-qc/0611110. Bibcode:2007PhRvD..75b3006G. doi:10.1103/physrevd.75.023006. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 52211738.
    • Chen, Songbai; Jing, Jiliang (2009-07-27). "Strong field gravitational lensing in the deformed Hořava-Lifshitz black hole". Physical Review D. 80 (2): 024036. arXiv:0905.2055. Bibcode:2009PhRvD..80b4036C. doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.024036. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119251399.
    • Gyulchev, Galin N.; Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S. (2008-10-10). "Gravitational lensing by rotating naked singularities". Physical Review D. 78 (8): 083004. arXiv:0806.3289. Bibcode:2008PhRvD..78h3004G. doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.083004. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 118616129.
    • Petters, A. O. (2003-01-11). "On relativistic corrections to microlensing effects: applications to the Galactic black hole". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 338 (2). Oxford University Press (OUP): 457–464. arXiv:astro-ph/0208500. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.338..457P. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06065.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
    • MAJUMDAR, A. S.; MUKHERJEE, N. (2005). "Braneworld Black Holes in Cosmology and Astrophysics". International Journal of Modern Physics D. 14 (7). World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt: 1095–1129. arXiv:astro-ph/0503473. Bibcode:2005IJMPD..14.1095M. doi:10.1142/s0218271805006948. ISSN 0218-2718. S2CID 119530457.
    • Sereno, Mauro (2004-01-13). "Weak field limit of Reissner-Nordström black hole lensing". Physical Review D. 69 (2). American Physical Society (APS): 023002. arXiv:gr-qc/0310063. Bibcode:2004PhRvD..69b3002S. doi:10.1103/physrevd.69.023002. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119333514.
    • Stefanov, Ivan Zh.; Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.; Gyulchev, Galin G. (2010-06-25). "Connection between Black-Hole Quasinormal Modes and Lensing in the Strong Deflection Limit". Physical Review Letters. 104 (25): 251103. arXiv:1003.1609. Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104y1103S. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.104.251103. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 20867359. S2CID 16644240.
    • Mukherjee, Nupur; Majumdar, A. S. (2007-02-21). "Particle motion and gravitational lensing in the metric of a dilaton black hole in a de Sitter universe". General Relativity and Gravitation. 39 (5): 583–600. arXiv:astro-ph/0605224. Bibcode:2007GReGr..39..583M. doi:10.1007/s10714-007-0407-5. ISSN 0001-7701. S2CID 50992892.
    • Claudel, Clarissa-Marie; Virbhadra, K. S.; Ellis, G. F. R. (2001). "The geometry of photon surfaces". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 42 (2): 818–838. arXiv:gr-qc/0005050. Bibcode:2001JMP....42..818C. doi:10.1063/1.1308507. ISSN 0022-2488. S2CID 119457077.
    • Virbhadra, K. S.; Ellis, G. F. R. (2002-05-10). "Gravitational lensing by naked singularities". Physical Review D. 65 (10). American Physical Society (APS): 103004. Bibcode:2002PhRvD..65j3004V. doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.103004. ISSN 0556-2821.
    • Virbhadra, K. S. (2009-04-09). "Relativistic images of Schwarzschild black hole lensing". Physical Review D. 79 (8): 083004. arXiv:0810.2109. Bibcode:2009PhRvD..79h3004V. doi:10.1103/physrevd.79.083004. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119232496.
    • Ghosh, Tanwi; SenGupta, Soumitra (2010-02-10). "Strong gravitational lensing across a dilaton anti–de Sitter black hole". Physical Review D. 81 (4): 044013. arXiv:1001.5129. Bibcode:2010PhRvD..81d4013G. doi:10.1103/physrevd.81.044013. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119243456.
    • Whisker, Richard (2005-03-03). "Strong gravitational lensing by braneworld black holes". Physical Review D. 71 (6). American Physical Society (APS): 064004. arXiv:astro-ph/0411786. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..71f4004W. doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.064004. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 118977836.
    • Rahvar, S.; Mehrabi, A.; Dominik, M. (2010-09-22). "Compact object detection in self-lensing binary systems with a main-sequence star". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 410 (2). Oxford University Press (OUP): 912–918. arXiv:1008.1033. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17490.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
    • LEIVA, CARLOS; SAAVEDRA, JOEL; VILLANUEVA, JOSÉ (2009-06-14). "Geodesic Structure of the Schwarzschild Black Hole in Rainbow Gravity". Modern Physics Letters A. 24 (18): 1443–1451. arXiv:0808.2601. Bibcode:2009MPLA...24.1443L. doi:10.1142/s0217732309029983. ISSN 0217-7323. S2CID 119216773.
    • R. Sosnovskiy, arXiv:0806.4379
    • Keeton, Charles R.; Petters, A. O. (2006-02-21). "Formalism for testing theories of gravity using lensing by compact objects. II. Probing post-post-Newtonian metrics". Physical Review D. 73 (4). American Physical Society (APS): 044024. arXiv:gr-qc/0601053. Bibcode:2006PhRvD..73d4024K. doi:10.1103/physrevd.73.044024. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 56001059.
    • Nandi, Kamal K.; Zhang, Yuan-Zhong; Zakharov, Alexander V. (2006-07-20). "Gravitational lensing by wormholes". Physical Review D. 74 (2). American Physical Society (APS): 024020. arXiv:gr-qc/0602062. Bibcode:2006PhRvD..74b4020N. doi:10.1103/physrevd.74.024020. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119454982.
    • Sereno, Mauro; De Luca, Fabiana (2008-07-09). "Primary caustics and critical points behind a Kerr black hole" (PDF). Physical Review D. 78 (2). American Physical Society (APS): 023008. arXiv:0710.5923. Bibcode:2008PhRvD..78b3008S. doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.023008. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119197253.
    • De Paolis, F.; Geralico, A.; Ingrosso, G.; Nucita, A. A.; Qadir, A. (2004). "Kerr black holes as retro-MACHOs". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 415 (1). EDP Sciences: 1–7. arXiv:astro-ph/0401384. Bibcode:2004A&A...415....1D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034587. ISSN 0004-6361.
    • Stornaiolo, Cosimo (2002). "Cosmological Black Holes". General Relativity and Gravitation. 34 (12): 2089–2099. arXiv:gr-qc/0101120. Bibcode:2002GReGr..34.2089S. doi:10.1023/a:1021183417872. ISSN 0001-7701. S2CID 17640392.
    • Keeton, Charles R.; Petters, A. O. (2005-11-04). "Formalism for testing theories of gravity using lensing by compact objects: Static, spherically symmetric case". Physical Review D. 72 (10). American Physical Society (APS): 104006. arXiv:gr-qc/0511019. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..72j4006K. doi:10.1103/physrevd.72.104006. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119035986.
    • Harko, Tiberiu; Kovács, Zoltan; Lobo, Francisco S. N. (2011). "Solar System tests of Hořava–Lifshitz gravity". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 467 (2129): 1390–1407. arXiv:0908.2874. Bibcode:2011RSPSA.467.1390H. doi:10.1098/rspa.2010.0477. ISSN 1364-5021. S2CID 2412476.
    • Sereno, M. (2008-10-08). "Aberration in gravitational lensing" (PDF). Physical Review D. 78 (8). American Physical Society (APS): 083003. arXiv:0809.3900. Bibcode:2008PhRvD..78h3003S. doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.083003. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119215266.
    • Sereno, Mauro (2008-02-15). "Influence of the cosmological constant on gravitational lensing in small systems" (PDF). Physical Review D. 77 (4). American Physical Society (APS): 043004. arXiv:0711.1802. Bibcode:2008PhRvD..77d3004S. doi:10.1103/physrevd.77.043004. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 39617618.
    • Iyer, S. V.; Petters, A. O. (2007-07-11). "Light's bending angle due to black holes: from the photon sphere to infinity". General Relativity and Gravitation. 39 (10): 1563–1582. arXiv:gr-qc/0611086. Bibcode:2007GReGr..39.1563I. doi:10.1007/s10714-007-0481-8. ISSN 0001-7701. S2CID 119007619.
    • Harko, Tiberiu; Kovács, Zoltán; Lobo, Francisco S. N. (2009-08-24). "Testing Hořava-Lifshitz gravity using thin accretion disk properties". Physical Review D. 80 (4). American Physical Society (APS): 044021. arXiv:0907.1449. Bibcode:2009PhRvD..80d4021H. doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.044021. hdl:10722/91855. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 118616205.
    • Sereno, M. (2003). "Gravitational lensing by stars with angular momentum". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 344 (3). Oxford University Press (OUP): 942–950. arXiv:astro-ph/0307243. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.344..942S. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06881.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
    • Böhmer, C G; Harko, T (2007-06-12). "Galactic dark matter as a bulk effect on the brane". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 24 (13): 3191–3209. arXiv:0705.2496. Bibcode:2007CQGra..24.3191B. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/24/13/004. ISSN 0264-9381. S2CID 119315095.
    • Aliev, Alikram N.; Talazan, Pamir (2009-08-24). "Gravitational effects of rotating braneworld black holes". Physical Review D. 80 (4): 044023. arXiv:0906.1465. Bibcode:2009PhRvD..80d4023A. doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.044023. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 119306508.
    • PERLICK, VOLKER (2008). "THEORETICAL GRAVITATIONAL LENSING – BEYOND THE WEAK-FIELD SMALL-ANGLE APPROXIMATION". The Eleventh Marcel Grossmann Meeting. World Scientific Publishing Company. pp. 680–699. arXiv:0708.0178. doi:10.1142/9789812834300_0030. ISBN 978-981-283-426-3.
    • Bozza, Valerio (2010-05-05). "Gravitational lensing by black holes". General Relativity and Gravitation. 42 (9): 2269–2300. arXiv:0911.2187. Bibcode:2010GReGr..42.2269B. doi:10.1007/s10714-010-0988-2. ISSN 0001-7701. S2CID 118635353.

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