For the cells of the electrical conduction system of the heart, see Purkinje fibers.
Purkinje cell
Drawing of pigeon Purkinje cells (A) by Santiago Ramon y Cajal
Details
Pronunciation
Often pronounced as /pɜːrˈkɪndʒi/pur-KIN-jee;[1] but Czech pronunciation is (Czech:[ˈpurkɪɲɛ]ⓘ cells
Location
Cerebellum
Shape
Flat dendritic arbor
Function
Inhibitory projection neuron
Neurotransmitter
GABA
Presynaptic connections
Parallel fibers and climbing fibers
Postsynaptic connections
Cerebellar deep nuclei
Identifiers
MeSH
D011689
NeuroNames
365
NeuroLex ID
sao471801888
TA98
A14.1.07.404
FMA
67969
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
Purkinje cells or Purkinje neurons, named for Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkyně who identified them in 1837,[citation needed] are a unique type of prominent large neurons located in the cerebellar cortex of the brain. With their flask-shaped cell bodies, many branching dendrites, and a single long axon, these cells are essential for controlling motor activity. Purkinje cells mainly release GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neurotransmitter, which inhibits some neurons to reduce nerve impulse transmission. Purkinje cells efficiently control and coordinate the body's motor motions through these inhibitory actions.[2][3]
^Jones, Daniel (2011). Roach, Peter; Setter, Jane; Esling, John (eds.). Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-15255-6.
Purkinjecells or Purkinje neurons, named for Czech physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkyně who identified them in 1837,[citation needed] are a unique type...
called the subendocardium. The Purkinje fibers are specialized conducting fibers composed of electrically excitable cells. They are larger than cardiomyocytes...
with a highly regular arrangement, the most important being Purkinjecells and granule cells. This complex neural organization gives rise to a massive signal-processing...
granule-cell–Purkinje-cell synapses onto the intermediate and distal dendrites of Purkinjecells using glutamate as a neurotransmitter. Layer 4 granule cells...
with Purkinjecells. Cerebellar basket cell axons fire inhibitory neurotransmitters such as GABA to Purkinjecell axons, and inhibits the Purkinjecell. Purkinje...
synapses onto Purkinjecell dendrites. The middle layer contains only one type of cell body—that of the large Purkinjecell. Purkinjecells are the primary...
molecular layer in the cerebellum. Cerebellar stellate cells synapse onto the dendritic trees of Purkinjecells and send inhibitory signals. Stellate neurons are...
The Purkinje effect or Purkinje phenomenon (Czech: [ˈpurkɪɲɛ] ; sometimes called the Purkinje shift, often pronounced /pərˈkɪndʒi/) is the tendency for...
Ernesto Lugaro in the early 20th century. Lugaro cells are found just beneath the layer of Purkinjecells between the molecular layer and the granular layer...
pyramidal cells, Purkinjecells, and anterior horn cells Golgi II: neurons whose axonal process projects locally; the best example is the granule cell Anaxonic:...
to the Golgi cells by reentering the higher granular layer through thin collateral branches that reach slightly below the Purkinjecells. Three different...
Climbing fibers ultimately project to both the deep cerebellar nuclei and Purkinjecells (PCs) in the cerebellar cortex. The pontine nuclei (PN) can support...
cerebellum Purkinjecells and interneuronal Golgi cells predominate. Glial cells are the supporting cells of the neurons. The three types of glial cells are...
Purkinje is a name attributed to several biological features, so named for their discovery by Czech anatomist Jan Evangelista Purkyně: Purkinjecells...
cerebellar nuclei and Purkinjecells. Each climbing fiber will form synapses with 1-10 Purkinjecells. Early in development, Purkinjecells are innervated by...
dendritic trees of Purkinjecells, contacting one of every 3–5 that they pass, making a total of 80–100 synaptic connections with Purkinjecell dendritic spines...
cerebellar Purkinjecells. Other data supports the structural and functional similarity found between the cartwheel and the Purkinje neuron. Cartwheel cells are...
epithelial cells, Golgi epithelial cells, or radial astrocytes) are unipolar astrocytes derived from radial glia that are intimately associated with Purkinje cells...
months to years and which often reflects complete loss of Purkinjecells. The anti-Purkinjecell antibodies originally described in PCD led to the hypothesis...
dentate nuclei. These nuclei receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinjecells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from...
the cerebellum referred to as a PurkinjeCell. During development, there are multiple climbing fibers on a purkinjecell, however these are pruned off during...
Purkyně is best known for his 1837 discovery of Purkinjecells. Theodor Schwann, discoverer of the Schwann cell Yoshinori Ohsumi, Nobel Prize winner for work...
including, among others, gluten ataxia, autoimmunity to Purkinjecells or other neural cells in the cerebellum, CNS vasculitis, multiple sclerosis, infection...
(February 1992). "Fractal dimension of dendritic tree of cerebellar Purkinjecell during onto- and phylogenetic development". Neurosci Research. 13 (1):...