Micrograph of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, showing the characteristic airspace filling with focally dense globs referred to as chatter or dense bodies. H&E stain.
Specialty
Pulmonology
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of surfactant-derived lipoprotein compounds within the alveoli of the lung. The accumulated substances interfere with the normal gas exchange and expansion of the lungs, ultimately leading to difficulty breathing and a predisposition to developing lung infections. The causes of PAP may be grouped into primary (autoimmune PAP, hereditary PAP), secondary (multiple diseases), and congenital (multiple diseases, usually genetic) causes, although the most common cause is a primary autoimmune condition in an individual.
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Pulmonaryalveolarproteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of surfactant-derived lipoprotein compounds within...
surfactant proteins to build up in the alveoli in a condition called pulmonaryalveolarproteinosis. This results in impaired gas exchange. Pneumonia is an inflammatory...
Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up...
the alveoli are deflated down to little or no volume, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation, in which they are filled with liquid. It is often referred...
discoveries relevant to the field of pulmonology was the discovery of pulmonary circulation. Originally, it was thought that blood reaching the right...
involvement of GM-CSF deficiencies in parallel pathways of pulmonaryalveolarproteinosis and the alcoholic lung". Alcohol. 80: 73–79. doi:10.1016/j.alcohol...
form of pneumonia characterized by inflammatory exudate within the intra-alveolar space resulting in consolidation that affects a large and continuous area...
Pulmonary fibrosis is a condition in which the lungs become scarred over time. Symptoms include shortness of breath, a dry cough, feeling tired, weight...
Pulmonary aspiration is the entry of material such as pharyngeal secretions, food or drink, or stomach contents from the oropharynx or gastrointestinal...
water) by filling and draining repeatedly. It is used to treat pulmonaryalveolarproteinosis, in which excess lung surfactant proteins prevent the patient...
malignancy, infections, eosinophilic pneumonia, histiocytosis X, or alveolarproteinosis. In the evaluation of patients with suspected IPF, the most important...
pulmonary edema is caused by increased microvascular permeability (increased oncotic pressure) leading to increased fluid transfer into the alveolar spaces...
fluid is called whole lung lavage (WLL) and is used to treat pulmonaryalveolarproteinosis (PAP). When conditions disallow WLL, an endoscopic BAL can be...
pharyngitis to life-threatening diseases such as bacterial pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, tuberculosis, acute asthma, lung cancer, and severe acute respiratory...
A pulmonary consolidation is a region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid instead of air. The condition is marked by induration...
involvement of GM-CSF deficiencies in parallel pathways of pulmonaryalveolarproteinosis and the alcoholic lung". Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.). 80: 73–79...
Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a histologic term used to describe specific changes that occur to the structure of the lungs during injury or disease...
microscopy typically shows neutrophils in bronchi, bronchioles and adjacent alveolar spaces. Compared to pneumonia in general, the association between the bronchopneumonia...
disorders, and pulmonary embolism. The most common cause is a viral infection. Other causes include bacterial infection, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, autoimmune...
Moderate amount of sputum, or no sputum at all (i.e. non-productive). Lack of alveolar exudate. Despite general symptoms and problems with the upper respiratory...
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