See also: Phonological history of English vowels and Phonological history of English consonants
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History and description of
English pronunciation
Historical stages
Old English
Middle English
General development
In Old English
In Scots
Development of vowels
A
Close back
Close front
Diphthongs
Great Vowel Shift
Open back
Pre-L
Pre-R
Development of consonants
Single consonants
Clusters
Variable features
Cot–caught merger
Drawl
Flapping
H-dropping
L-vocalization
NG
R
Rhoticity
T-glottalization
TH
WH
Related topics
History of English
Spelling
v
t
e
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Like many other languages, English has wide variation in pronunciation, both historically and from dialect to dialect. In general, however, the regional dialects of English share a largely similar (but not identical) phonological system. Among other things, most dialects have vowel reduction in unstressed syllables and a complex set of phonological features that distinguish fortis and lenis consonants (stops, affricates, and fricatives).
This article describes the development of the phonology of English over time, starting from its roots in proto-Germanic to diverse changes in different dialects of modern English.
and 23 Related for: Phonological history of English information
identical) phonological system. Among other things, most dialects have vowel reduction in unstressed syllables and a complex set ofphonological features...
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dialects, however, where the split is phonological. The bad–lad split is a phonological split of the Early Modern English short vowel phoneme /æ/ into a short...
transcription delimiters. The phonologicalhistoryof the English language includes various changes in the phonologyof consonant clusters. The H-cluster...
delimiters. The phonological system of the Old English language underwent many changes during the period of its existence. These included a number of vowel shifts...
homophonous as /mɛt/. Phonologicalhistoryof the English language PhonologicalhistoryofEnglish vowels Barber, C. L. (1997). Early Modern English. Edinburgh University...
The phonologyof the open back vowels of the English language has undergone changes both overall and with regional variations, through Old and Middle English...
the Americas PhonologicalhistoryofEnglish Regional accents ofEnglish Transatlantic accent en-US is the language code for U.S. English, as defined by...
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see Phonologicalhistoryof Old English: Vowel lengthening. Late West Saxon (the standard written form of Old English) included matched pairs of short...
English (AuE) is a non-rhotic variety ofEnglish spoken by most native-born Australians. Phonologically, it is one of the most regionally homogeneous language...
Nevertheless, there is a very large corpus of the language, and the orthography apparently indicates phonological alternations quite faithfully, so it is...
and Aleksander Szwedek. Phonology Anderson, John M; & Jones, Charles. (1977). Phonological structure and the historyofEnglish. North-Holland linguistics...
sound, while some had the letter ⟨b⟩ added by analogy (see PhonologicalhistoryofEnglish consonant clusters). The ⟨b⟩ in debt, doubt, subtle, and related...
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