For the study of language production and perception, see Phonetics. For other uses, see Phonology (disambiguation).
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Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phones or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but may now relate to any linguistic analysis either:
at a level beneath the word (including syllable, onset and rime, articulatory gestures, articulatory features, mora, etc.), or
all levels of language in which sound or signs are structured to convey linguistic meaning.[1]
Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape.[2] At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
^Brentari, Diane; Fenlon, Jordan; Cormier, Kearsy (July 2018). "Sign Language Phonology". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.117. ISBN 9780199384655. S2CID 60752232.
^Stokoe, William C. (1978) [1960]. Sign Language Structure: An outline of the visual communication systems of the American deaf. Department of Anthropology and Linguistics, University at Buffalo. Studies in linguistics, Occasional papers. Vol. 8 (2nd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Linstok Press.
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