Phonological history of English open back vowels information
Sound change
History and description of
English pronunciation
Historical stages
Old English
Middle English
General development
In Old English
In Scots
Development of vowels
A
Close back
Close front
Diphthongs
Great Vowel Shift
Open back
Pre-L
Pre-R
Development of consonants
Single consonants
Clusters
Variable features
Cot–caught merger
Drawl
Flapping
H-dropping
L-vocalization
NG
R
Rhoticity
T-glottalization
TH
WH
Related topics
History of English
Spelling
v
t
e
The phonology of the open back vowels of the English language has undergone changes both overall and with regional variations, through Old and Middle English to the present. The sounds heard in modern English were significantly influenced by the Great Vowel Shift, as well as more recent developments in some dialects such as the cot–caught merger.
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