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Persulfate information


A persulfate (sometimes known as peroxysulfate or peroxodisulfate)[1] is a compound containing the anions SO2−
5
or S
2
O2−
8
.[2] The anion SO2−
5
contains one peroxide group per sulfur center, whereas in S
2
O2−
8
, the peroxide group bridges the sulfur atoms. In both cases, sulfur adopts the normal tetrahedral geometry typical for the S(VI) oxidation state. These salts are strong oxidizers.[3][4]

  1. ^ Shafiee, Saiful Arifin; Aarons, Jolyon; Hamzah, Hairul Hisham (2018). "Electroreduction of Peroxodisulfate: A Review of a Complicated Reaction". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 165 (13): H785–H798. doi:10.1149/2.1161811jes. S2CID 106396614.
  2. ^ Harald Jakob, Stefan Leininger, Thomas Lehmann, Sylvia Jacobi, Sven Gutewort. "Peroxo Compounds, Inorganic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ "Geo-Cleanse International". Geocleanse.com. Retrieved 2012-06-13.
  4. ^ Wacławek, S., Lutze, H. V., Grübel, K., Padil, V.V.T., Černík, M., Dionysiou, D.D. (2017) (2017-12-15). "Chemistry of persulfates in water and wastewater treatment: A review". Chemical Engineering Journal. 330: 44–62. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.132.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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Ammonium persulfate

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Ammonium persulfate (APS) is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH4)2S2O8. It is a colourless (white) salt that is highly soluble in water, much...

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Persulfate

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A persulfate (sometimes known as peroxysulfate or peroxodisulfate) is a compound containing the anions SO2− 5 or S 2O2− 8. The anion SO2− 5 contains one...

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Sodium persulfate

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Sodium persulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2S2O8. It is the sodium salt of peroxydisulfuric acid, H2S2O8, an oxidizing agent. It is...

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Potassium persulfate

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Potassium persulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula K2S2O8. Also known as potassium peroxydisulfate, it is a white solid that is sparingly...

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Iodine clock reaction

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a complex with the starch. Potassium persulfate is less soluble (cfr. Salters website) while ammonium persulfate has a higher solubility and is used instead...

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Total organic carbon

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still difficult. Also known as heated persulfate, the method utilizes the same free radical formation as UV persulfate oxidation except uses heat to magnify...

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Elbs persulfate oxidation

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The Elbs persulfate oxidation is the organic reaction of phenols with alkaline potassium persulfate to form para-diphenols. The reaction is generally performed...

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Hair bleaching

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most common commercial bleaching agents in use are hydrogen peroxide and persulfate salts, but historically other agents such as sulfuric acid, wood ash,...

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In situ chemical oxidation

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permanganate, which also became an established remedial agent. Sodium persulfate was introduced for ISCO in the late 1990s because of the limitations in...

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Bleach

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white Kraft paper. Potassium persulfate (K2 S2O8) and other persulfate salts. It, alongside ammonium and sodium persulfate, is common in hair-lightening...

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Mercury sulfate

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Mercury sulfate may refer to: Mercury(I) sulfate (mercurous sulfate), Hg2SO4 Mercury(II) sulfate (mercuric sulfate), HgSO4 and its hydrate This set index...

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Peroxydisulfate

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annually. Important salts include sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), and ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8). These salts are colourless...

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Minisci reaction

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pyridine and pivalic acid with silver nitrate, sulfuric acid and ammonium persulfate to form 2-tert-butylpyridine. The reaction resembles Friedel-Crafts alkylation...

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Phenols

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sodium thiosulfate. Phenols are oxidized to hydroquinones in the Elbs persulfate oxidation. Reaction of naphtols and hydrazines and sodium bisulfite in...

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Astatine

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an oxidant such as elemental bromine or (in the last case) by sodium persulfate in a solution of perchloric acid. The species previously thought to be...

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Gallic acid

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putida. Oxidative coupling of gallic acid with arsenic acid, permanganate, persulfate, or iodine yields ellagic acid, as does reaction of methyl gallate with...

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Ultrapure water

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Ultraviolet light (UV) & persulfate, heated persulfate, combustion, and super critical oxidation. Typical equations showing persulfate generation of hydroxyl...

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Peroxydisulfuric acid

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Peroxydisulfate Related compounds Other cations Potassium persulfate Sodium persulfate Ammonium persulfate Related compounds Peroxymonosulfuric acid Pyrosulfuric...

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Peroxomonosulfate

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ion, SO2− 5, is a sulfur oxoanion. It is sometimes referred to as the persulfate ion, but this term also refers to the peroxydisulfate ion, S 2O2− 8. Its...

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Formula unit

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it is not always the case. For example, the ionic compounds potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), mercury(I) nitrate Hg2(NO3)2, and sodium peroxide Na2O2, have...

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Anthrax

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Office Building), peracetic acid, ozone gas, hypochlorous acid, sodium persulfate, and liquid bleach products containing sodium hypochlorite. Nonoxidizing...

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Acetone peroxide

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peroxides. Baeyer and Villiger prepared the dimer by combining potassium persulfate in diethyl ether with acetone, under cooling. After separating the ether...

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Sulfite

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3 bisulfite ion S2O2− 5 metabisulfite ion H2SO3 sulfurous acid SO2− 5 persulfate ion SO2− 4 sulfate ion SO2− 2 hyposulfite ion S2O2− 3 thiosulfate ion...

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ABTS

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assay, ABTS is converted to its radical cation by addition of sodium persulfate. This radical cation is blue in color and absorbs light at 415, 645, 734...

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Hydrogen peroxide

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Hydrogen peroxide was once prepared industrially by hydrolysis of ammonium persulfate: [NH4]2S2O8 + 2 H2O → 2 [NH4]HSO4 + H2O2 [NH4]2S2O4 was itself obtained...

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Polyacrylic acid

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Initiation: Free radicals are generated by initiators such as potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) or Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). These radicals are highly reactive...

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E number

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EU E921 L-cystine improving agent E922 Potassium persulfate improving agent E923 Ammonium persulfate improving agent E924 Potassium bromate improving...

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Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

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smooth. A source of free radicals and a stabilizer, such as ammonium persulfate and TEMED are added to initiate polymerization. The polymerization reaction...

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Citric acid cycle

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appear to undergo most of the reactions spontaneously in the presence of persulfate radicals. Theoretically, several alternatives to the TCA cycle exist;...

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