Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Chemical compound
In biochemistry, ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) is a chemical compound used to observe the reaction kinetics of specific enzymes. A common use for it is in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the binding of molecules to each other.
It is commonly used as a substrate with hydrogen peroxide for a peroxidase enzyme (such as horseradish peroxidase) or alone with blue multicopper oxidase enzymes (such as laccase or bilirubin oxidase). Its use allows the reaction kinetics of peroxidases themselves to be followed. In this way it also can be used to indirectly follow the reaction kinetics of any hydrogen peroxide-producing enzyme, or to simply quantify the amount of hydrogen peroxide in a sample.
The formal reduction potentials for ABTS are high enough for it to act as an electron donor for the reduction of oxo species such as molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, particularly at the less-extreme pH values encountered in biological catalysis. Under these conditions, the sulfonate groups are fully deprotonated and the mediator exists as a dianion.
ABTS–· + e– → ABTS2– E°′ = 0.67 V vs SHE
ABTS + e– → ABTS–· E°′ = 1.08 V vs SHE[1]
This compound is chosen because the enzyme facilitates the reaction with hydrogen peroxide, turning it into a green and soluble end-product. Its new absorbance maximum of 420 nm light (ε = 3.6 × 104 M–1 cm–1)[2] can easily be followed with a spectrophotometer, a common laboratory instrument.
It is sometimes used as part of a glucose estimating reagent when finding glucose concentrations of solutions such as blood serum.
ABTS is also frequently used by the food industry and agricultural researchers to measure the antioxidant capacities of foods.[3] In this assay, ABTS is converted to its radical cation by addition of sodium persulfate. This radical cation is blue in color and absorbs light at 415, 645, 734 and 815 nm.[4] The ABTS radical cation is reactive towards most antioxidants including phenolics, thiols and Vitamin C.[5] During this reaction, the blue ABTS radical cation is converted back to its colorless neutral form. The reaction may be monitored spectrophotometrically. This assay is often referred to as the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. The reactivity of the various antioxidants tested are compared to that of Trolox, which is a water-soluble analog of vitamin E.[6]
^Bourbonnais, Robert; Leech, Dónal; Paice, Michael G. (1998-03-02), "Electrochemical analysis of the interactions of laccase mediators with lignin model compounds", Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, 1379 (3): 381–390, doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(97)00117-7, PMID 9545600
^Shin, Kwang-Soo; Lee, Yeo-Jin (2000-12-01), "Purification and Characterization of a New Member of the Laccase Family from the White-Rot Basidiomycete Coriolus hirsutus", Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 384 (1): 109–115, doi:10.1006/abbi.2000.2083, PMID 11147821
^Huang, Dejian; Ou, Boxin; Prior, Donald L. (2005-02-25), "The Chemistry Behind Antioxidant Capacity Assays", J. Agric. Food Chem., 53 (6): 1841–1856, doi:10.1021/jf030723c, PMID 15769103
^Walker, Richard B.; Everette, Jace D. (2009-01-29), "Comparative Reaction Rates of Various Antioxidants with ABTS Radical Cation", J. Agric. Food Chem., 57 (4): 1156–1161, doi:10.1021/jf8026765, PMID 19199590
^Barclay, L. R. C.; Locke, S. J.; MacNeil, J. M. (1985), "Autoxidation in micelles - Synergism of Vitamin-C with Lipid-Soluble Vitamin-E and Water-Soluble Trolox", Can. J. Chem., 63 (2): 366–374, doi:10.1139/v85-062
deprotonated and the mediator exists as a dianion. ABTS–· + e– → ABTS2– E°′ = 0.67 V vs SHE ABTS + e– → ABTS–· E°′ = 1.08 V vs SHE This compound is chosen...
include: Matt Abts (born 1953), American drummer Tomma Abts (born 1967), German artist and abstract painter Wouter Abts, Flemish painter ABTS, a chemical...
Matt Abts (born September 30, 1953) is an American drummer, best known as one of the founding members of the rock band Gov't Mule. Abts attended high school...
Tomma Abts (born 26 December 1967) is a German-born visual artist known for her abstract oil paintings. Abts won the Turner Prize in 2006. She currently...
Social de Bosques y Tierras (ABT), the Forest and Land Inspection and Social Control Authority, a Bolivian government agency Abts, a surname This disambiguation...
Abt (born 3 December 1992) is a German former racing driver. He is most notable for competing and winning races in Formula E with the Audi Sport ABT team...
Franz Wilhelm Abt (22 December 1819 – 31 March 1885) was a German composer and choral conductor. He composed roughly 3,000 individual works mostly in...
Wouter Abts (in French, Gautier Abts) was a Flemish painter, born at Lier, near Antwerp, possibly in 1582. He was a pupil of Willem de Vos (Guillaume...
MV ABT Summer was an oil tanker which was built at the South Korean shipbuilding yard of Ulsan and launched in 1974. The vessel was 344 meters in length...
John Jacob Abt (May 1, 1904 – August 10, 1991) was an American lawyer and politician, who spent most of his career as chief counsel to the Communist Party...
social scientist Clark Abt founded Abt Associates in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In February 2024, the company rebranded as Abt Global. Abt Global is led by an...
Christian Abt (born 8 May 1967) is a former race car driver and entrepreneur born in Kempten, Germany. His elder brother Hans-Jürgen Abt runs the Abt Sportsline...
Samuel Abt (born 1934) is an American sports journalist and author who covered professional cycling for 31 years, publishing articles in the New York...
Abt Sportsline is a motor racing and auto tuning company based in Kempten im Allgäu, Germany. Abt mainly deals with Audi and the related primary Volkswagen...
Abt Electronics is an independent family-owned retailer in the United States of consumer electronics, major appliances, and furniture. Abt operates 880...
Isaac Arthur Abt (December 18, 1867 – November 22, 1955) was an American pediatrician and the first president of the American Academy of Pediatrics. He...
Thomas Abt (born 1972) is an American author, crime researcher, and former government official specializing in evidence-informed approaches to reducing...
to add Haynes to his band as his guitarist after the session. With Matt Abts on drums and Johnny Neel on keyboards, the now formed Dickey Betts Band released...
Carl Roman Abt (16 July 1850 – 1 May 1933) was a Swiss mechanical engineer, inventor and entrepreneur. He made groundbreaking innovations in rack-and-pinion...
Durrer and implemented at the Stanserhorn funicular [de], opened in 1893. The Abt rack and pinion system was also used on some funiculars for speed control...
Ōigawa Railway. From Abt Ichishiro Station to Nagashima Dam Station the gradient is very steep and an Abt rack system is used. Abt Ichishiro Station is...
Global Information
