Perceptual hashing is the use of a fingerprinting algorithm that produces a snippet, hash, or fingerprint of various forms of multimedia.[1][2] A perceptual hash is a type of locality-sensitive hash, which is analogous if features of the multimedia are similar. This is in contrast to cryptographic hashing, which relies on the avalanche effect of a small change in input value creating a drastic change in output value. Perceptual hash functions are widely used in finding cases of online copyright infringement as well as in digital forensics because of the ability to have a correlation between hashes so similar data can be found (for instance with a differing watermark).
^Buldas, Ahto; Kroonmaa, Andres; Laanoja, Risto (2013). "Keyless Signatures' Infrastructure: How to Build Global Distributed Hash-Trees". In Riis, Nielson H.; Gollmann, D. (eds.). Secure IT Systems. NordSec 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 8208. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-41488-6_21. ISBN 978-3-642-41487-9. ISSN 0302-9743. Keyless Signatures Infrastructure (KSI) is a globally distributed system for providing time-stamping and server-supported digital signature services. Global per-second hash trees are created and their root hash values published. We discuss some service quality issues that arise in practical implementation of the service and present solutions for avoiding single points of failure and guaranteeing a service with reasonable and stable delay. Guardtime AS has been operating a KSI Infrastructure for 5 years. We summarize how the KSI Infrastructure is built, and the lessons learned during the operational period of the service.
^Klinger, Evan; Starkweather, David. "pHash.org: Home of pHash, the open source perceptual hash library". pHash.org. Retrieved 2018-07-05. pHash is an open source software library released under the GPLv3 license that implements several perceptual hashing algorithms, and provides a C-like API to use those functions in your own programs. pHash itself is written in C++.
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Perceptualhashing is the use of a fingerprinting algorithm that produces a snippet, hash, or fingerprint of various forms of multimedia. A perceptual...
hashing is known as geometric hashing or the grid method. In these applications, the set of all inputs is some sort of metric space, and the hashing function...
on Github". GitHub. gxhash on GitHub "pHash.org: Home of pHash, the open source perceptualhash library". pHash.org. Retrieved 2020-06-16. "dhash". PyPI...
characteristic components of a video as a unique or a set of multiple perceptualhashes or fingerprints, enabling that video to be uniquely identified. This...
recognition Digital video fingerprinting Feature extraction Parsons code Perceptualhashing Search by sound Sound recognition ISO IEC TR 21000-11 (2004), Multimedia...
points for the basis is another approach for geometric hashing. Similar to the example above, hashing applies to higher-dimensional data. For three-dimensional...
noise and different audio codecs). A robust Acoustic fingerprint (perceptualhashing) is derived from spectral parameters of the audio data and replayed...
"Papers with Code - PDQ & TMK + PDQF -- A Test Drive of Facebook's PerceptualHashing Algorithms". MUSCLE (Multimedia Understanding through Semantics, Computation...
it, Tumblr, WordPress.com and Zoom. GIFCT maintains a database of perceptualhashes of terrorism-related videos and images that is submitted by its members...
altogether in December 2022. This recognition is based on a perceptualhash called NeuralHash. Siri and Search were updated to intervene when users perform...
formulation, which asks for the median. The problem is relevant to several hashing algorithms analyzed by Donald Knuth in his book The Art of Computer Programming...
Visual search is a type of perceptual task requiring attention that typically involves an active scan of the visual environment for a particular object...
Texas at Austin. His dissertation was entitled "Perceptually Based Methods for Robust Image Hashing." While completing his Ph.D. at the University of...
digital watermark is called imperceptible if the watermarked content is perceptually equivalent to the original, unwatermarked content. In general, it is...
noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, ketamine, in humans. Psychotomimetic, perceptual, cognitive, and neuroendocrine responses". Archives of General Psychiatry...
recognition memory tests and perceptual identification tests. These studies provided evidence that effects of memory on perceptual identification was independent...
sense of energy and alertness), and hallucinogens (drugs that induce perceptual distortions such as hallucination). In popular practice, recreational...
sub-anesthetic doses, dissociatives alter many of the same cognitive and perceptual processes affected by other hallucinogenic drugs such as mescaline, LSD...
Outline of artificial intelligence Rahesh Mohan & Rakamant Nevatia (1992). "Perceptual organization for scene segmentation and description" (PDF). IEEE Trans...
but more than most, New York is an information overload, a constant perceptual tornado that surrounds you most places you walk on the streets. Heroin...
(the "2D X Server") and the 3D X Server, and performs a variety of other hashing functions to assure that the GLX redirection is seamless. But essentially...
Hallucinogens (psychedelics, dissociatives and deliriants), which induce perceptual and cognitive alterations. Hypnotics, which depress the central nervous...
person experiences apparent lasting or persistent visual hallucinations or perceptual distortions, such as visual snow and palinopsia. LSD is structurally related...
continued to focus on stimuli and responses, though generalization and perceptual factors were increasingly considered. For the next few decades, Wickens...
October 1979). "Subjective Effects of Nitrous Oxide: Cognitive, Emotional, Perceptual and Transcendental Experiences". Journal of Psychedelic Drugs. 11 (4):...
them, the shared intentionality hypothesis introduced the notion of pre-perceptual communication in the mother-fetus communication model due to nonlocal...
not for short, wide glasses. These misperceptions are attributed to two perceptual biases: Estimating that tall, slender glasses have more volume than shorter...
functions such as reaction time, attention, language, reasoning ability, perceptual and motor skills were unaffected. The observed effects on memory and learning...
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