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Passive diffusion across a cell membrane.
Passive transport is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes.[1][2] Instead of using cellular energy, like active transport,[3] passive transport relies on the second law of thermodynamics to drive the movement of substances across cell membranes.[1][2][4] Fundamentally, substances follow Fick's first law, and move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration because this movement increases the entropy of the overall system.[4][5] The rate of passive transport depends on the permeability of the cell membrane, which, in turn, depends on the organization and characteristics of the membrane lipids and proteins.[citation needed] The four main kinds of passive transport are simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, filtration, and/or osmosis.
Passive transport follows Fick's first law.
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^ ab"5.2A: The Role of Passive Transport". Biology LibreTexts. 2018-07-10. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
^"5.3 Active Transport - Biology 2e | OpenStax". openstax.org. 28 March 2018. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
^ abSkene, Keith R. (2015). "Life's a Gas: A Thermodynamic Theory of Biological Evolution". Entropy. 17 (8): 5522–5548. Bibcode:2015Entrp..17.5522S. doi:10.3390/e17085522.
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Passivetransport is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. Instead of using cellular energy...
(ATP), and secondary active transport that uses an electrochemical gradient. This process is in contrast to passivetransport, which allows molecules or...
different ways active transport, passivetransport, and transcytosis. Main article: Active transport Active transport is the process of moving molecules...
as facilitated transport or passive-mediated transport) is the process of spontaneous passivetransport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or...
they transport substances. The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion (i.e., passivetransport) or active transport. These...
facilitating the transport of materials needed for survival. The movement of substances across the membrane can be achieved by either passivetransport, occurring...
and an external hydrophilic layer. This structure makes transport possible by simple or passive diffusion, which consists of the diffusion of substances...
passage of molecules controlled by facilitated diffusion, passivetransport or active transport regulated by proteins embedded in the membrane. A phospholipid...
compounds into small, simple molecules. Absorption: The active and passivetransport of the chemical products of digestion out of the food-containing compartment...
lumen of renal tubule. Tubular secretion can be either active or passive or co-transport. Substances mainly secreted into renal tubule are; H+, K+, NH3...
−60 mV. An example of passivetransport is ion fluxes through Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl− channels. Unlike active transport, passivetransport is powered by the...
cells can transport substances across the cell membrane. The two main pathways are passivetransport and active transport. Passivetransport is more direct...
have microvilli. The transport of nutrients across epithelial cells through the jejunum and ileum includes the passivetransport of sugar fructose and...
gradient. Passive phloem loading transports solutes freely through plasmodesma in the symplast of the minor veins of leaves. Active transport occurs apoplastically...
transcellular, pathway between the tubular cells. It is seen e.g. in the passivetransport in renal sodium reabsorption, renal chloride reabsorption as well...
"life"; and -λογία, -logia) is a branch of biology that studies the passivetransport of organic particles, such as bacteria, fungal spores, very small...
and distal tubules (majorly by proximal tubule) by both active and passivetransport. The presence of chlorides, such as in seawater, significantly worsens...
charge. Channels perform passivetransport of materials also known as facilitated diffusion. Transporters can carry out either passive or active transfer of...
end. Most volume of water entering plants is by means of passive absorption. Passivetransport is no different from diffusion, it requires no input of...
electrochemical gradient (passivetransport) from the lumen into the tubular cell, together with water and chloride which also diffuse passively. Water is reabsorbed...
flow between nodes is actively driven, as opposed to passivetransport by diffusion. Active transport requires energy consumption, found in the form of ATP...
Passive house (German: Passivhaus) is a voluntary standard for energy efficiency in a building, which reduces the building's ecological footprint. Conforming...
channels called porins are present in the outer membrane that allow for passivetransport of many ions, sugars and amino acids across the outer membrane. These...
sufficient blood glucose concentration. In other cells, uptake happens by passivetransport through one of the 14 GLUT proteins. In the other cell types, phosphorylation...
"Investigation and Mathematical Description of the Real Driving Force of PassiveTransport of Drug Molecules from Supersaturated Solutions". Molecular Pharmaceutics...
goods, often in vehicles called cable cars. The cable may be driven or passive, and items may be moved by pulling, sliding, sailing, or by drives within...
sodium-potassium pump protein by locking it into a position where it allows passivetransport of both sodium and potassium ions, thereby destroying the ion gradient...
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