Anti-microbial epithelial cell of the small intestine
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Paneth cell
Paneth cells, located at the base of the crypts of the small intestinal mucosa, and displaying bright red cytoplasmic granules. H&E stain.
Details
Location
Small intestine epithelium
Identifiers
Latin
cellula panethensis
MeSH
D019879
TH
H3.04.03.0.00017
FMA
62897
Anatomical terms of microanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
Paneth cells are cells in the small intestine epithelium, alongside goblet cells, enterocytes, and enteroendocrine cells.[1] Some can also be found in the cecum and appendix. They are located below the intestinal stem cells in the intestinal glands (also called crypts of Lieberkühn) and the large eosinophilic refractile granules that occupy most of their cytoplasm.
When exposed to bacteria or bacterial antigens, Paneth cells secrete several anti-microbial compounds (notably defensins and lysozyme) that are known to be important in immunity and host-defense into the lumen of the intestinal gland, thereby contributing to maintenance of the gastrointestinal barrier by controlling the enteric bacteria. Therefore, Paneth cells play a role in the innate immune system.
Paneth cells are named after 19th-century pathologist Joseph Paneth.
^Ibelgaufts H. "Go to Cells-Talk.com". Copewithcytokines.org. Retrieved 2016-09-17.
Panethcells are cells in the small intestine epithelium, alongside goblet cells, enterocytes, and enteroendocrine cells. Some can also be found in the...
Paneth may refer to: Fajans–Paneth–Hahn Law, chemistry rule concerning co-precipitation and adsorption Friedrich Paneth (1887–1958), Austrian-born British...
types are the secretory cells – goblet cells, Panethcells, enteroendocrine cells, and Tuft cells. Panethcells are absent in the colon. As part of its...
Human Cell Atlas project, which started in 2016, had as one of its goals to "catalog all cell types (for example, immune cells or brain cells) and sub-types...
component and a conventional carcinoma, histologically arising from Panethcells. GCCs may present as appendicitis. GCCs are diagnosed by pathology. They...
of vertebratesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Panethcells of the intestine Certain sweat glands Eccrine and Apocrine Glands Archived...
Goblet cells are simple columnar epithelial cells that secrete gel-forming mucins, like mucin 2 in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and mucin 5AC in the...
of multiple layers of cells, and simple if it is made up of one layer of cells. Terms used to describe the shape of the cells in it - columnar if column-shaped...
replicating stem cells, Panethcells of the innate immune system, and goblet cells, which produce mucus. In the colon, crypts do not have Panethcells. The enterocytes...
example FABP2 and the DEFA6 protein expressed in secretory granules of Panethcells. The small intestine develops from the midgut of the primitive gut tube...
defensive molecule secreted by Panethcells into the lumen. Reg3γ is an antibacterial lectin secreted by Panethcells that serves to prevent microorganisms...
and absorb nutrients; goblet cells, which secrete mucin, a substance that lubricates the wall of the organ; Panethcells, most common in the terminal...
another two cell types–gastric chief cells and parietal cells (oxyntic cells). Foveolar cells (surface mucous cells) are mucus-producing cells which cover...
Romagnolo, B. (2005). "Crypt-restricted proliferation and commitment to the Panethcell lineage following Apc loss in the mouse intestine". Development. 132...
differentiated hematopoietic cells (except erythrocytes and plasma cells). CD45 has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signalling...
been elucidated for geminin including roles in metazoan cell cycle, cellular proliferation, cell lineage commitment, and neural differentiation. One example...
critical role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced necroptosis, a programmed cell death process, via interaction with receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3)...
show electron dense plaques (open arrow) at their apices. "Panethcells (Cytokines & Cells Encyclopedia - COPE)". Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch (2009). Bernkop-Schnürch...
several other components. It is generated in the alpha cells of the pancreas and in the intestinal L cells in the distal ileum and colon. It is also cleaved...
secretion by chief cells. VIP seems to be an important neuropeptide during inflammatory bowel diseases since the communication between mast cells and VIP in colitis...
phagosomes to track the fate of cells at the base of the crypts, and determined that slender cells interspersed among Panethcells at the crypt base could give...
Joseph Paneth (6 October 1857 – 4 January 1890) was an physiologist born in Vienna. Paneth is remembered for his description of "Panethcells", which are...
particularly abundant in neutrophils, certain macrophage populations and Panethcells of the small intestine. Defensins are produced constitutively and/or...
Crypt degeneration Crypt branching and other architectural distortions Panethcell (pictured) or gastric metaplasia (only applies in the left colon and...
cells of the appendix. Histologically, it forms clusters of goblet cells containing mucin with a minor admixture of Panethcells and endocrine cells....
importance on the cell surface of white blood cells, as they aid in the migration of white blood cells. As mentioned, microvilli are formed as cell extensions...
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