Paleovirology is the study of viruses that existed in the past but are now extinct. In general, viruses cannot leave behind physical fossils,[1] therefore indirect evidence is used to reconstruct the past. For example, viruses can cause evolution of their hosts, and the signatures of that evolution can be found and interpreted in the present day.[2] Also, some viral genetic fragments which were integrated into germline cells of an ancient organism have been passed down to our time as viral fossils,[2] or endogenous viral elements (EVEs).[3] EVEs that originate from the integration of retroviruses are known as endogenous retroviruses, or ERVs,[4] and most viral fossils are ERVs. They may preserve genetic code from millions of years ago, hence the "fossil" terminology, although no one has detected a virus in mineral fossils.[2] The most surprising viral fossils originate from non-retroviral DNA and RNA viruses.
^Laidler, J.R.; Stedman, K.M. (2010). "Virus Silicification under Simulated Hot Spring Conditions". Astrobiology. 10 (6): 569–576. Bibcode:2010AsBio..10..569L. doi:10.1089/ast.2010.0463. PMID 20735248. S2CID 7274625.
^ abcEmerman, M.; Malik, H.S. (2010). "Paleovirology – Modern Consequences of Ancient Viruses". PLOS Biology. 8 (2): e1000301. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000301. PMC 2817711. PMID 20161719.
^Katzourakis, Aris; Gifford, Robert J. (18 November 2010). "Endogenous Viral Elements in Animal Genomes". PLOS Genetics. 6 (11): e1001191. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001191. PMC 2987831. PMID 21124940.
^Weiss, RA (Oct 3, 2006). "The discovery of endogenous retroviruses". Retrovirology. 3: 67. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-3-67. PMC 1617120. PMID 17018135.
Paleovirology is the study of viruses that existed in the past but are now extinct. In general, viruses cannot leave behind physical fossils, therefore...
Filoviridae (/ˌfaɪloʊˈvɪrɪdiː/) is a family of single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales. Two members of the family that...
3390/v7112906. PMC 4664979. PMID 26569285. Horie M, Tomonaga K (April 2018). "Paleovirology of bornaviruses: What can be learned from molecular fossils of bornaviruses"...
evolutionary history of viruses, and have given birth to the science of paleovirology. The evolutionary history of viruses can to some extent be inferred...
and microscopic pollen/spores. See also microfossils and palynology. Paleovirology examines the evolutionary history of viruses on paleobiological timescales...
Retrieved 2022-01-26. "Paleovirology: Ghosts and Gifts of Ancient Viruses". hmnh.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2022-01-26. "Paleovirology: Ghosts and Gifts of...
a more complete picture of prehistoric climate and human activity. Paleovirology Protists in the fossil record List of prehistoric foraminiferans The...
genomics Archaeogenetics Molecular clock Paleobiochemistry Paleogenomics Paleovirology Brown TA, Brown KA (October 1994). "Ancient DNA: using molecular biology...
survive and proliferate. Endogenous retrovirus Endogenous viral element Paleovirology Bell, Philip J. L. (September 2001). "Viral eukaryogenesis: was the...
disease caused by the infection is more serious than before. orphan virus paleovirology parasite passaging See serial passage. passenger virus A virus that...
of genetics Paleontology – Study of life before the Holocene epoch Paleovirology – The study of ancient viruses Timeline of paleontology – Timeline of...
March 24, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2011. "Geneticist Harmit Malik on Paleovirology". The Leonard Leopate Show. New York. June 29, 2010. WNYC. Retrieved...
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