Depiction of the restriction enzyme (endonuclease) HindIII cleaving a double-stranded DNA molecule at a valid restriction site (5'–A|AGCTT–3').
In biochemistry, a nuclease (also archaically known as nucleodepolymerase or polynucleotidase) is an enzyme capable of cleaving the phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides of nucleic acids. Nucleases variously effect single and double stranded breaks in their target molecules. In living organisms, they are essential machinery for many aspects of DNA repair. Defects in certain nucleases can cause genetic instability or immunodeficiency.[1] Nucleases are also extensively used in molecular cloning.[2]
There are two primary classifications based on the locus of activity. Exonucleases digest nucleic acids from the ends. Endonucleases act on regions in the middle of target molecules. They are further subcategorized as deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases. The former acts on DNA, the latter on RNA.[2]
^Nishino T, Morikawa K (December 2002). "Structure and function of nucleases in DNA repair: shape, grip and blade of the DNA scissors". Oncogene. 21 (58): 9022–32. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206135. PMID 12483517.
^ abRittié L, Perbal B (June 2008). "Enzymes used in molecular biology: a useful guide". Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling. 2 (1–2): 25–45. doi:10.1007/s12079-008-0026-2. PMC 2570007. PMID 18766469.
In biochemistry, a nuclease (also archaically known as nucleodepolymerase or polynucleotidase) is an enzyme capable of cleaving the phosphodiester bonds...
current nuclease-based gene editing platforms but its use was limited by low efficiencies of editing. Genome editing with engineered nucleases, i.e. all...
Nuclease S1 (EC 3.1.30.1) is an endonuclease enzyme that splits single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and RNA into oligo- or mononucleotides. This enzyme catalyses...
Surveyor nuclease assay is an enzyme mismatch cleavage assay used to detect single base mismatches or small insertions or deletions (indels). Surveyor...
Chimeric nucleases are an example of engineered proteins which must comprise a DNA-binding domain to give sequence specificity and a nuclease domain for...
helices α4 and α5 and two loops P1 and P2 of the cleavage domain. When the nuclease is unbound to DNA, the endonuclease domain is sequestered by the DNA-binding...
Nuclease protection assay is a laboratory technique used in biochemistry and genetics to identify individual RNA molecules in a heterogeneous RNA sample...
Mung bean nuclease (Nuclease MB) is a nuclease derived from sprouts of the mung bean (Vigna radiata) that removes nucleotides in a step-wise manner from...
enzymes known as "exo-endonucleases", however, are not limited to either nuclease function, displaying qualities that are both endo- and exo-like. Evidence...
DNA sequence immediately following the DNA sequence targeted by the Cas9 nuclease in the CRISPR bacterial adaptive immune system. The PAM is a component...
(cas 1–4) were initially recognized. The Cas proteins showed helicase and nuclease motifs, suggesting a role in the dynamic structure of the CRISPR loci....
Cas9 contains two nuclease domains: an McrA-like HNH nuclease domain and a RuvC-like nuclease domain. These HNH and RuvC-like nuclease domains are responsible...
with the dual ligation assay. The nuclease hybridization assay, also called S1 nuclease cutting assay, is a nuclease protection assay-based hybridization...
response, increasing the efficiency of prime editing. Nuclease Prime Editor uses Cas9 nuclease instead of Cas9(H840A) nickase. Unlike prime editor 3 (PE3)...
2007).. A broad range of enzymes including DNA ligase, DNA polymerase and nucleases have been employed to generate high-fidelity SNP genotyping methods. Restriction...
Cas nuclease or single effector protein will cause interference guided by the crRNA match. Type-I CRISPR systems are characterized by Cas3, a nuclease-helicase...
be generated by fusing a natural or engineered DNA-binding domain to a nuclease domain (often the cleavage domain of the type IIS restriction enzyme FokI)...
for a specific sequence is an area of active research, and zinc finger nucleases and zinc finger transcription factors are two of the most important applications...
Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Entrez Gene: APEX1 APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1". Parker A, Gu Y, Mahoney W, Lee...
retroviruses, such as hepatitis C, dengue virus, and HIV. Together with S1 nuclease, which specifically cleaves single-stranded RNA, it can be used to profile...
repair. The ERCC1-XPF nuclease is an essential activity in the pathway of DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER). The ERCC1-XPF nuclease also functions in pathways...
are most accessible. Nucleases are enzymes that cut DNA strands by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bonds. Nucleases that hydrolyse nucleotides...
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