For other Nazi internment facilities, see Types of Nazi camps and Extermination camp.
For the 1945 documentary film, see Nazi Concentration Camps (film).
"Concentration Camps in Nazi Germany" redirects here. For the book, see Concentration Camps in Nazi Germany (book).
Concentration camps operated by Nazi Germany
Nazi concentration camps
Prisoners hauling earth for the construction of the "Russian camp" at Mauthausen
Main camps
Arbeitsdorf
Auschwitz
Bergen-Belsen
Buchenwald
Dachau
Flossenbürg
Gross-Rosen
Herzogenbusch
Hinzert
Kaiserwald
Kauen
Kraków-Płaszów
Majdanek
Mauthausen–Gusen
Mittelbau-Dora
Natzweiler-Struthof
Neuengamme
Niederhagen
Ravensbrück
Sachsenhausen
Stutthof
Vaivara
Warsaw
Organization
Agencies
Concentration Camps Inspectorate
SS Main Economic and Administrative Office
German Earth and Stone Works (DEST)
Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe
SS-Totenkopfverbände (Camp SS)
Subdivisions
Appellplatz
Sanitätswesen
Subcamp
SS-Baubrigaden
Camp brothels
Politische Abteilung
Revier
Strafkompanie
Topics
Action 14f13
Extermination through labor
Identification of inmates
Badges
Language
Disciplinary and Penal Code
Death marches
Postenpflicht
Personnel
Commandant
Lagerführer
Schutzhaftlagerführer
Female guards
Wehrmacht
Luftwaffe guards
Prisoners
Classification
Prisoner functionary
Kapo
"Asocials"
Criminals
Homosexuals
Jehovah's Witnesses
Jews
Political prisoners
Nacht und Nebel
Sonder- und Ehrenhaft
"Race defilers"
Soviet prisoners of war
Nationalities
Czechs
French
Germans
Poles
Russians
Yugoslavs
Dachau
Mauthausen
Ravensbrück
Flossenbürg
Sachsenhausen
Buchenwald
Neuengamme
Auschwitz
Majdanek
Kraków-Płaszów
Natzweiler-Struthof
Stutthof
Bergen-Belsen
Gross-Rosen
Mittelbau
Warsaw
Hinzert
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All of the main camps except Arbeitsdorf, Herzogenbusch, Niederhagen, Kauen, Kaiserwald, and Vaivara (1937 borders). Color-coded by date of establishment as a main camp: blue for 1933–1937, gray for 1938–1939, red for 1940–1941, green for 1942, yellow for 1943–1944.
From 1933 to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps (German: Konzentrationslager[a]), including subcamps[b] on its own territory and in parts of German-occupied Europe.
The first camps were established in March 1933 immediately after Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. Following the 1934 purge of the SA, the concentration camps were run exclusively by the SS via the Concentration Camps Inspectorate and later the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office. Initially, most prisoners were members of the Communist Party of Germany, but as time went on different groups were arrested, including "habitual criminals", "asocials", and Jews. After the beginning of World War II, people from German-occupied Europe were imprisoned in the concentration camps. About 1.65 million people were registered prisoners in the camps, of whom about a million died during their imprisonment.[c] Most of the fatalities occurred during the second half of World War II, including at least a third of the 700,000 prisoners who were registered as of January 1945. Following Allied military victories, the camps were gradually liberated in 1944 and 1945, although hundreds of thousands of prisoners died in the death marches.
Museums commemorating the victims of the Nazi regime have been established at many of the former camps and the Nazi concentration camp system has become a universal symbol of violence and terror.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Stone 2017, p. 50.
^Orth 2009a, p. 194.
^Goeschel & Wachsmann 2010, p. 515.
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