Prisoners in the concentration camp at Sachsenhausen, Germany, 19 December 1938.
Location
Oranienburg, Germany
Operated by
Schutzstaffel
Commandant
See list
Operational
July 1936 – 22 April 1945
Inmates
Political prisoners, Jehovah's Witnesses, Soviet POWs, Poles, Jews, homosexuals, Freemasons[1] and defectors.
Number of inmates
200,000
Killed
50,000
Liberated by
Polish Army's 2nd Infantry Division
Notable inmates
List of prisoners of Sachsenhausen
Sachsenhausen (German pronunciation:[zaksn̩ˈhaʊzn̩]) or Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg was a German Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany, used from 1936 until April 1945, shortly before the defeat of Nazi Germany in May later that year.[2][3] It mainly held political prisoners throughout World War II. Prominent prisoners included Joseph Stalin's oldest son, Yakov Dzhugashvili; assassin Herschel Grynszpan; Paul Reynaud, the penultimate prime minister of the French Third Republic; Francisco Largo Caballero, prime minister of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War; the wife and children of the crown prince of Bavaria; Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera; and several enemy soldiers and political dissidents.
Sachsenhausen was a labour camp, outfitted with several subcamps, a gas chamber, and a medical experimentation area. Prisoners were treated inhumanely, fed inadequately, and killed openly. After World War II, when Oranienburg was in the Soviet Occupation Zone, the structure was used by the NKVD as NKVD special camp Nr. 7. Today, Sachsenhausen is open to the public as a memorial.
^Cuerda-Galindo, Esther; López-Muñoz, Francisco; Krischel, Matthis; Ley, Astrid (2017). "Study of deaths by suicide of homosexual prisoners in Nazi Sachsenhausen concentration camp". PLOS ONE. 12 (4): e0176007. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1276007C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176007. PMC 5398659. PMID 28426734.
^"German Surrender – United States Holocaust Memorial Museum". www.ushmm.org. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
^"1936–1945 Sachsenhausen concentration camp | Gedenkstätte und Museum Sachsenhausen". www.sachsenhausen-sbg.de. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
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