Near Lublin, General Government (German-occupied Poland)
Operated by
SS-Totenkopfverbände
Commandant
Karl-Otto Koch (Sep. 1941–Aug. 1942)
Max Koegel (Aug. 1942–Nov. 1942)
Hermann Florstedt (Nov. 1942–Oct. 1943)
Martin Gottfried Weiss (Nov. 1943–May 1944)
Arthur Liebehenschel (May 1944–July 1944)
Original use
Forced labor
Operational
October 1, 1941 – July 22, 1944
Inmates
Jews, Poles
Number of inmates
150,000
Killed
Estimated 78,000
Liberated by
Soviet Union, July 22, 1944
Majdanek (or Lublin) was a Nazi concentration and extermination camp built and operated by the SS on the outskirts of the city of Lublin during the German occupation of Poland in World War II. It had seven gas chambers, two wooden gallows, and some 227 structures in all, placing it among the largest of Nazi concentration camps.[1] Although initially intended for forced labor rather than extermination, it was used to murder people on an industrial scale during Operation Reinhard, the German plan to murder all Polish Jews within their own occupied homeland.[2] In operation from 1 October 1941 to 22 July 1944, it was captured nearly intact. The rapid advance of the Soviet Red Army during Operation Bagration prevented the SS from destroying most of its infrastructure, and Deputy Camp Commandant Anton Thernes failed to remove the most incriminating evidence of war crimes.[3]
The camp was nicknamed Majdanek ("little Majdan") in 1941 by local residents, as it was adjacent to the Lublin ghetto of Majdan Tatarski. Nazi documents initially described the site as a POW camp of the Waffen-SS, based on how it was funded and operated. It was renamed by the Reich Security Main Office as Konzentrationslager Lublin on April 9, 1943, but the local Polish name remained more popular.[4]
After the camp's liberation in July 1944, the site was formally protected by the Soviet Union.[5] By autumn, with the war still raging, it had been preserved as a museum. The crematorium ovens and gas chambers were largely intact, serving as some of the best examples of the genocidal policy of Nazi Germany. The site was given national designation in 1965.[6] Today, the Majdanek State Museum is a Holocaust memorial museum and education centre devoted entirely to the memory of atrocities committed in the network of concentration, slave-labor, and extermination camps and sub-camps of KL Lublin. It houses a permanent collection of rare artifacts, archival photographs, and testimony.[7]
^"Majdanek".
^Cite error: The named reference Reszka was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Nicholas, Lynn H. (2009). Cruel World: The Children of Europe in the Nazi Web. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-307-73971-1.
^"Założenia i budowa (Purpose and construction, selection of photographs)". Majdanek concentration camp. KL Lublin Majdanek.com.pl. Archived from the original on January 2, 2011. Retrieved 2013-04-18. Concentration camp name change 9.04.1943.
^"Majdanek" (PDF). Majdanek concentration camp. Yad Vashem. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2007. Retrieved 2013-04-14.
^Cite error: The named reference majdanek.eu-Kalendarium was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Regulamin organizacyjny Państwowego Muzeum na Majdanku". Dz. U. z 1947 r. nr 52, poz. 265. Biuletyn Informacji Publicznej (Bulletin of Public Information, Republic of Poland). 2006. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
and 26 Related for: Majdanek concentration camp information
22056°N 22.59944°E / 51.22056; 22.59944 Majdanek (or Lublin) was a Nazi concentration and extermination camp built and operated by the SS on the outskirts...
and Majdanek from Ravensbrück. The year after, the Nazis began conscripting women because of a shortage of male guards. In the context of these camps, the...
Kauen concentrationcamp List of subcamps of Kauen Kraków-Płaszów concentrationcamp List of subcamps of Kraków-Płaszów Majdanekconcentrationcamp List...
Majdanku (Majdanek State Museum). Archived from the original on 2014-10-23. Retrieved 2013-04-29. "Majdanek" (PDF). Majdanekconcentrationcamp. Yad Vashem...
of Neuengamme concentrationcamp, and later, from November 1943 until May 1944, as the fourth commandant of Majdanekconcentrationcamp. He was executed...
The case of the Majdanek death camp The Majdanek trials were a series of consecutive war-crime trials held in Poland and in Germany during and after World...
1999) was a Nazi Austrian SS Helferin and female camp guard at Ravensbrück and Majdanekconcentrationcamps, and the first Nazi war criminal to be extradited...
Erntefest) was the murder of up to 43,000 Jews at the Majdanek, Poniatowa and Trawniki concentrationcamps by the SS, the Order Police battalions, and the Ukrainian...
labour was also used at the Auschwitz and Majdanek death camps. Millions were also murdered in concentrationcamps, in the Aktion T4, or directly on site...
became the forced-labor camp for thousands of Jews within the Majdanekconcentrationcamp system as well. The Jewish inmates of Trawniki provided slave...
who served as a commander at Lichtenburg, Ravensbrück, Majdanek and Flossenbürg concentrationcamps. In 1946 he was arrested for his role in The Holocaust...
subcamps of the Majdanekconcentrationcamp run by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II. The list, supplied by the Majdanek State Museum,...
and convicted war profiteer. He became the third commander of Majdanekconcentrationcamp in October 1942. Florstedt was convicted of corruption and sentenced...
the Majdanekconcentrationcamp in May 1944. In late July that year, due to the Red Army approaching Warsaw, the Nazis started to evacuate the camp. Around...
Schutzstaffel (SS) guard in Nazi concentrationcamps, including at Kraków-Płaszów and the Majdanekconcentrationcamp during World War II. She was tried...
an SS NCO in three extermination camps during World War II in German occupied Poland and Germany: Auschwitz, Majdanek and Flossenbürg. After the war, he...
factory founded in the late 1930s. Poniatowa became part of the Majdanekconcentrationcamp system of subcamps in the early autumn of 1943. The wholesale...
March 22, 1943 transferred to the Majdanekconcentrationcamp. There she oversaw the women's camp work details in the camp tailoring, kitchen, nursery and...
24 January 1948) was a German commandant at the Auschwitz and Majdanekconcentrationcamps during the Holocaust. After the war, he was convicted of war...
about the same time at the Majdanekconcentrationcamp and at Auschwitz II-Birkenau, near the earlier-established Auschwitz I camp. After the German–Soviet...
Ukrainian-American who served as a Trawniki man and Nazi camp guard at Sobibor extermination camp, Majdanek, and Flossenbürg. Demjanjuk became the center of global...
including Auschwitz-Birkenau, Majdanek, and Treblinka I. However, these camps were distinct from the adjoining extermination camps. At the beginning of the...
labor camp and Poniatowa concentrationcamp, both subcamps of the Majdanekconcentrationcamp, and was an SS officer at the Lipowa 7 concentrationcamp and...
Ravensbrück concentrationcamp in Germany in 1941. In October 1942, she was selected as one of the Schutzstaffel (SS) Aufseherin to be posted at the Majdanek camp...
1943 to 1945, Rothstein stayed in three concentrationcamps: Majdanek, Auschwitz, and Bergen-Belsen. In Majdanek, Blumenthal's father, along with most of...
extermination camps during World War II. He was a roll call officer at KL Buchenwald, and lead guard in charge of the so-called protective custody at Majdanek concentration...