Some of this article's listed sources may not be reliable. Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.(February 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Mauthausen
Nazi concentration camp
New arrivals after a weeklong trip in open railway cars Exterior view of the main camp's entrance
Location
Mauthausen, Upper Austria
Commandant
Albert Sauer Franz Ziereis
Operational
1938 – May 1945
Inmates
Political prisoners, Jews, Soviet POWs
Number of inmates
190,000[1]
Killed
More than 90,000[1]
Liberated by
United States Army, 3–6 May 1945
Appellplatz at the Mauthausen main campWiener Graben quarry in 2016, "Stairs of Death" towards the right
Mauthausen was a Nazi concentration camp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen (roughly 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Linz), Upper Austria. It was the main camp of a group with nearly 100 further subcamps located throughout Austria and southern Germany.[2][3] The three Gusen concentration camps in and around the village of St. Georgen/Gusen, just a few kilometres from Mauthausen, held a significant proportion of prisoners within the camp complex, at times exceeding the number of prisoners at the Mauthausen main camp.
The Mauthausen main camp operated from 8 August 1938, several months after the German annexation of Austria, to 5 May 1945, when it was liberated by the United States Army. Starting with the camp at Mauthausen, the number of subcamps expanded over time. In January 1945, the camps contained roughly 85,000 inmates.
As at other Nazi concentration camps, the inmates at Mauthausen and its subcamps were forced to work as slave labour, under conditions that caused many deaths. Mauthausen and its subcamps included quarries, munitions factories, mines, arms factories and plants assembling Me 262 fighter aircraft.[4][5] The conditions at Mauthausen were even more severe than at most other Nazi concentration camps. Half of the 190,000 inmates died at Mauthausen or its subcamps.
Mauthausen was one of the first massive concentration camp complexes in Nazi Germany, and the last to be liberated by the Allies. The Mauthausen main camp is now a museum.
^ abFreund & Kranebitter (2016), p. 56.
^Dobosiewicz (2000), pp. 191–202.
^Bischof & Pelinka (1996), pp. 185–190.
^Haunschmied, Mills & Witzany-Durda (2008), pp. 172–175.
^Walden (2000).
and 26 Related for: Mauthausen concentration camp information
Mauthausen was a Nazi concentrationcamp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen (roughly 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Linz), Upper Austria. It...
List of subcamps of Majdanek Mauthausenconcentrationcamp List of subcamps of Mauthausen Mittelbau-Dora concentrationcamp List of subcamps of Mittelbau...
Gusen was a subcamp of Mauthausenconcentrationcamp operated by the SS (Schutzstaffel) between the villages of Sankt Georgen an der Gusen and Langestein...
of Mauthausenconcentrationcamp established by the SS to build tunnels for armaments storage near the town of Ebensee, Austria, in 1943. The camp held...
and crematoria were supplied by Topf and Sons. Prisoners of Mauthausenconcentrationcamp in the quarry ("Stairs of Death"). DEST used them to produce...
based on poems written by Greek poet Iakovos Kambanellis, a Mauthausenconcentrationcamp survivor, and music written by Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis...
August 1905 – 24 May 1945) was the commandant of the Mauthausenconcentrationcamp from 1939 until the camp was liberated by the American forces in 1945. Ziereis...
of Mauthausen, was an Austrian Schutzstaffel (SS) doctor. During World War II, he served at the Mauthausen-Gusen concentrationcamp in Mauthausen, killing...
Mauthausen (March – May 1945), Stutthof (1942–1945), Vaivara (1943–1944), Vught (1943–1944), and at Nazi concentrationcamps, subcamps, work camps, detention...
of the photographer Francisco Boix during his life in the Mauthausen-Gusen concentrationcamp complex. Actor Mario Casas lost 12 kg in weight while preparing...
This is a list of subcamps of the Mauthausenconcentrationcamp. The slave labour of the inmates was also used by a variety of companies and farms that...
This is a list of internment and concentrationcamps, organized by country. In general, a camp or group of camps is designated to the country whose government...
(CNT) of the Basque Country and survivor of Mauthausenconcentrationcamp and the Ebensee concentrationcamp. Orphan by birth, he left school at the age...
– 3 May 1945, Falkensee) was a Nazi German commandant of Mauthausen-Gusen concentrationcamp. He died of wounds in 1945, and was never tried for his role...
wardress to the Mauthausen-Gusen concentrationcamp satellite camp at Sankt Lambrecht. Bernigau was posted to the Gross-Rosen concentrationcamp in 1944 as...
Spanish Civil War and photographer who was imprisoned in the Mauthausenconcentrationcamp. At both the Nuremberg trials and the Dachau trials he presented...
in the Nazi concentrationcamp in Mauthausen from July 1941 to August 1943. He was executed for atrocities committed at the Mauthausencamp. Krebsbach...
taken first to Amersfoort concentrationcamp. A few months later, on November 3, 1942, he arrived at Mauthausenconcentrationcamp. He was assigned the number...
Jasenovac (pronounced [jasěnoʋat͡s]) was a concentration and extermination camp established in the village of the same name by the authorities of the Independent...
and Westerbork transit camps to Auschwitz concentrationcamp, except for 850 prisoners sent to Mauthausenconcentrationcamp. When Amersfoort and Westerbork...
1944), the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, a death march to Chemnitz, Buchenwald, and the Mauthausenconcentrationcamp (February to May 1945). After the...
Landsberg am Lech, Allied-occupied Germany) was a pharmacist at the Mauthausenconcentrationcamp in charge of gassing victims. Wasicky was a physician. He joined...
transferred to the Sachsenhausen concentrationcamp in April 1944, and eventually to the Ebensee site of the Mauthausencamp network where he was liberated...
concentrationcamp badges, primarily triangles, were part of the system of identification in German camps. They were used in the concentrationcamps in...
deported to Mauthausen and executed on 6 November 1944. Andrée Borrel, SOE F Section agent, later executed in Natzweiler-Struthof concentrationcamp. Christopher...
Global Information
