Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound
Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula HO2CCH(OH)CH2CO2H. It is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms, contributes to the sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers), though only the L-isomer exists naturally. The salts and esters of malic acid are known as malates. The malate anion is a metabolic intermediate in the citric acid cycle.
^"chemBlink Database of Chemicals from Around the World". chemblink.com. Archived from the original on 2009-01-22.
^Data for biochemical research (3rd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1986. ISBN 0-19-855358-7. OCLC 11865673.
^Silva, Andre M. N.; Kong, Xiaole; Hider, Robert C. (2009). "Determination of the pKa value of the hydroxyl group in the α-hydroxycarboxylates citrate, malate and lactate by 13C NMR: implications for metal coordination in biological systems". BioMetals. 22 (5): 771–778. doi:10.1007/s10534-009-9224-5. ISSN 0966-0844. PMID 19288211.
converts malicacid to much milder lactic acid. Malicacid occurs naturally in all fruits and many vegetables, and is generated in fruit metabolism. Malic acid...
practised commercially, maleicacid can be converted into maleic anhydride by dehydration, to malicacid by hydration, and to succinic acid by hydrogenation...
stronger malicacid into the softer lactic acid; formally, malicacid is polyprotic (contributes multiple protons, here two), while lactic acid is monoprotic...
converting the "harsher" diprotic malicacid to the softer monoprotic lactic acid. The different structures of malic and lactic acids leads to a reduction of titratable...
to diffuse into the mesophyll cells. The CO2 is stored as four-carbon malicacid in vacuoles at night, and then in the daytime, the malate is transported...
co-catalyst in asymmetric synthesis. Tartaric acid is a muscle toxin, which works by inhibiting the production of malicacid, and in high doses causes paralysis...
acetic acid (e.g. in pickles) and citric acid. Many beverages, such as colas, contain phosphoric acid. Sour candies often are formulated with malicacid. Other...
in 1858 by the French chemist Victor Dessaignes via the oxidation of malicacid. The structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography and extensive...
Citramalic acid is the organic compound with the formula HO2CCH2C(CH3)(OH)CO2H. A chiral compound, it is related structurally to malicacid. Citramalic acid is...
~1.5 g of citric acid, in order to add sourness, similarly to the way malicacid is used. As well as being a component of some artificial vinegar flavors...
transformation of L-malicacid (dicarboxylic acid) to an lactic acid (monocarboxylic acid). This change occurs due to the presence of malolactic and malic enzymes...
treated asparagine with nitrous acid, which removed the molecule's amine (–NH2) groups and transformed asparagine into malicacid. This revealed the molecule's...
Magnesium malate, the magnesium salt of malicacid, is a mineral supplement often used for nutritional concerns. It is represented by the chemical formula...
converted into acetic acid by acetic acid-forming bacteria (Acetobacter species), yielding cider vinegar. Acetic acid and malicacid combine to give this...
Citric acid Tartaric acidMalicacid Kamzolova, Svetlana V.; Morgunov, Igor G. (2019-12-01). "Microbial production of (2R,3S)-isocitric acid: state of...
present malicacid to lactic acid, to reduce the sharpness and for other flavor-related reasons. This malolactic fermentation is undertaken by lactic acid bacteria...
by dehydrogenation of hydroxyl carboxylic acids such as carbonyl carboxylic acid, malicacid, isocitric acid, etc. Pyruvate catalytic reaction catalyzed...
decreases due to degradation of malicacid. The degradation of malicacid during ripening makes tartaric acid the predominant acid; grape berries also possess...
Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C2H2(CO)2O. It is the acid anhydride of maleicacid. It is a colorless or white solid with an...
added to individual batches of syrup solution which are later mixed with malicacid to improve shelf life and add further flavor. Once the mixture begins...
(SH) in place of the hydroxy group (OH) in malicacid. Salts and esters are known as thiomalates. Thiomalic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of corrosion...
cycle which went like this: (+) chlorosuccinic acid (1 in the illustration) was converted to (+) malicacid 2 by action of silver oxide in water with retention...
Malic can refer to: Malíč, village in the Czech Republic. Malič, mountain in Serbia Malicacid, an organic compound Gruban Malić, a fictional character...
water-soluble calcium supplement. It is the calcium salt of citric acid and malicacid with variable composition. Calcium citrate malate's bioavailability...
Bedeutung gewinnt." (For the crystalline acid, I suggest the name "sorbic acid", whereby an old name of the malicacid that's found in rowan berries gains...
Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group. The naming of these compounds is governed by IUPAC nomenclature...
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