Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references
Chemical compound
Isocitric acid is a structural isomer of citric acid. Since citric acid and isocitric acid are structural isomers, they share similar physical and chemical properties. Due to these similar properties, it is difficult to separate the isomers.[1] Salts and esters of isocitric acid are known as isocitrates. The isocitrate anion is a substrate of the citric acid cycle. Isocitrate is formed from citrate with the help of the enzyme aconitase, and is acted upon by isocitrate dehydrogenase.
Isocitric acid is commonly used as a marker to detect the authenticity and quality of fruit products, most often citrus juices. In authentic orange juice, for example, the ratio of citric acid to D-isocitric acid is usually less than 130. An isocitric acid value higher than this may be indicative of fruit juice adulteration.[2]
Isocitric acid has largely been used as a biochemical agent due to limited amounts.[3] However, isocitric acid has been shown to have pharmaceutical and therapeutic effects. Isocitric acid has been shown to effectively treat iron deficient anemia.[1] Additionally, isocitric acid could be used to treat Parkinson's disease.[3]Yarrowia lipolytica can be used to produce isocitric acid and is inexpensive compared to other methods. Furthermore, other methods produce unequal amounts of citric acid to isocitric acid ratio, mostly producing citric acid. Use of Yarrowia lipolytica produces a better yield, making equal amounts of citric acid to isocitric acid.[3]
^ abKamzolova, Svetlana V.; Morgunov, Igor G. (2019-12-01). "Microbial production of (2R,3S)-isocitric acid: state of the arts and prospects". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 103 (23): 9321–9333. doi:10.1007/s00253-019-10207-4. ISSN 1432-0614. PMID 31748825.
^Saavedra, L.; Garcia, A.; Barbas, C. (9 June 2000). "Development and validation of a capillary electrophoresis method for direct measurement of isocitric, citric, tartaric and malic acids as adulteration markers in orange juice". Journal of Chromatography A. 881 (1–2): 395–401. doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00258-2. PMID 10905722.
^ abcYuzbasheva, Evgeniya Y.; Scarcia, Pasquale; Yuzbashev, Tigran V.; Messina, Eugenia; Kosikhina, Iuliia M.; Palmieri, Luigi; Shutov, Artem V.; Taratynova, Maria O.; Amaro, Rodrigo Ledesma; Palmieri, Ferdinando; Sineoky, Sergey P. (2021-05-01). "Engineering Yarrowia lipolytica for the selective and high-level production of isocitric acid through manipulation of mitochondrial dicarboxylate–tricarboxylate carriers". Metabolic Engineering. 65: 156–166. doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2020.11.001. ISSN 1096-7176. PMID 33161142. S2CID 226286865.
Isocitricacid is a structural isomer of citric acid. Since citric acid and isocitricacid are structural isomers, they share similar physical and chemical...
closely related acidsisocitricacid, aconitic acid, and propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (tricarballylic acid, carballylic acid) Acids in wine This still...
Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group. The naming of these compounds is governed by IUPAC nomenclature...
by dehydrogenation of hydroxyl carboxylic acids such as carbonyl carboxylic acid, malic acid, isocitricacid, etc. Pyruvate catalytic reaction catalyzed...
tricarboxylic acid is citric acid. Citric acid, a type of tricarboxylic acid, is used in the citric acid cycle – also known as tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle...
carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often...
cis-aconitate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, a non-redox-active process. Citric acid Aconitic acidIsocitricacid Aconitase, displayed in the structures...
used for the generation of the Krebs cycle intermediates aconitic and isocitricacids. Maleic anhydride dimerizes in a photochemical reaction to form cyclobutane...
production of gluconic acid, with Candida brumptii to produce isocitricacid, with Aspergillus terreus for the production of itaconic acid, with Pseudomonas...
Vickery HB (June 1962). "A suggested new nomenclature for the isomers of isocitricacid". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 237 (6): 1739–41. doi:10...
Beppu T, Abe S, Sakaguchi K (December 2004). "Accumulation of allo-isocitricacid by a Penicillium strain". The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology...
capillary electrophoresis method for direct measurement of isocitric, citric, tartaric and malic acids as adulteration markers in orange juice". Journal of...