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Escherichia virus M13
Blue: Coat Protein pIII; Brown: Coat Protein pVI; Red: Coat Protein pVII; Limegreen: Coat Protein pVIII; Fuchsia: Coat Protein pIX; Purple: Single Stranded DNA
Virus classification
(unranked):
Virus
Realm:
Monodnaviria
Kingdom:
Loebvirae
Phylum:
Hofneiviricota
Class:
Faserviricetes
Order:
Tubulavirales
Family:
Inoviridae
Genus:
Inovirus
Species:
Escherichia virus M13
M13 is one of the Ff phages (fd and f1 are others), a member of the family filamentous bacteriophage (inovirus). Ff phages are composed of circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), which in the case of the m13 phage is 6407 nucleotides long and is encapsulated in approximately 2700 copies of the major coat protein p8, and capped with about 5 copies each of four different minor coat proteins (p3 and p6 at one end and p7 and p9 at the other end).[1][2][3] The minor coat protein p3 attaches to the receptor at the tip of the F pilus of the host Escherichia coli. The life cycle is relatively short, with the early phage progeny exiting the cell ten minutes after infection. Ff phages are chronic phage, releasing their progeny without killing the host cells. The infection causes turbid plaques in E. coli lawns, of intermediate opacity in comparison to regular lysis plaques. However, a decrease in the rate of cell growth is seen in the infected cells. The replicative form of M13 is circular double-stranded DNA similar to plasmids that are used for many recombinant DNA processes, and the virus has also been used for phage display, directed evolution, nanostructures and nanotechnology applications.[4][5][6]
^Smeal SW, Schmitt MA, Pereira RR, Prasad A, Fisk JD (January 2017). "Simulation of the M13 life cycle I: Assembly of a genetically-structured deterministic chemical kinetic simulation". Virology. 500: 259–274. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2016.08.017. PMID 27644585.
^Rakonjac J, Das B, Derda R (2016). "Editorial: Filamentous Bacteriophage in Bio/Nano/Technology, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Ecology". Frontiers in Microbiology. 7: 2109. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.02109. PMC 5179506. PMID 28066406.
^Roux S, Krupovic M, Daly RA, Borges AL, Nayfach S, Schulz F, et al. (November 2019). "Cryptic inoviruses revealed as pervasive in bacteria and archaea across Earth's biomes". Nature Microbiology. 4 (11): 1895–1906. doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0510-x. PMC 6813254. PMID 31332386.
^Khalil AS, Ferrer JM, Brau RR, Kottmann ST, Noren CJ, Lang MJ, Belcher AM (March 2007). "Single M13 bacteriophage tethering and stretching". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 104 (12): 4892–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.0605727104. PMC 1829235. PMID 17360403.
^Suthiwangcharoen N, Li T, Li K, Thompson P, You S, Wang Q (May 2011). "M13 bacteriophage-polymer nanoassemblies as drug delivery vehicles". Nano Research. 4 (5): 483–93. doi:10.1007/s12274-011-0104-2. S2CID 97544776.
^Esvelt KM, Carlson JC, Liu DR (April 2011). "A system for the continuous directed evolution of biomolecules". Nature. 472 (7344): 499–503. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..499E. doi:10.1038/nature09929. PMC 3084352. PMID 21478873.
M13 is one of the Ff phages (fd and f1 are others), a member of the family filamentous bacteriophage (inovirus). Ff phages are composed of circular single-stranded...
rapid transit rail line in Istanbul Turkey M13, the Mathieu groupoid by John Horton Conway M13bacteriophage, a virus that infects bacteria Magic 2013...
widespread than originally appreciated. Three filamentous bacteriophages, fd, f1, and M13, were isolated and characterized by three different research...
from the cloned gene is toxic to the cells. Some plasmids contain an M13bacteriophage origin of replication and may be used to generate single-stranded...
short functionalized nanorods derived from Ff (f1, fd, or M13) filamentous bacteriophage". Frontiers in Microbiology. 6: 316. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015...
first graphene-based aerogel assembled using graphene oxide and the M13bacteriophage. Chalcogel is an aerogel made of chalcogens (the column of elements...
coliphage λ, officially Escherichia virus Lambda) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli (E. coli). It was...
(holes), and it can be set to one or many. Genetically engineered M13bacteriophage viruses allow preparation of quantum dot biocomposite structures....
single strand of viral DNA (typically the 7,249 bp genomic DNA of M13bacteriophage) aided by multiple smaller "staple" strands. These shorter strands...
genetically engineering different viruses such as, the E4 bacteriophage and the M13bacteriophage, to be used as a cathode. This was done by editing the...
Polyphages are genomic multimers of bacteriophages in which multiple viral particles are all encapsulated, one after the other, within the same set of...
bacteriophage virion. The most often used are genes pIII or pVIII of bacteriophageM13. The next step is the capturing step. It involves conjugating the...
which is analogous to natural selection. The most common bacteriophages used in phage display are M13 and fd filamentous phage, though T4, T7, and λ phage...
peptides were genetically fused with proteins displayed on the M13bacteriophage. Bacteriophage display is a commonly used cell display system, although it...
A phagemid or phasmid is a DNA-based cloning vector, which has both bacteriophage and plasmid properties. These vectors carry, in addition to the origin...
at MIT and engineered a virus, known as the M13bacteriophage whose target is usually Escherichia coli. M13 can be made to latch onto and coat itself with...
structural comparisons of native and mutant class I filamentous bacteriophages Ff (fd, f1, M13), If1 and IKe" (PDF). J. Mol. Biol. 235 (1): 260–86. doi:10...
fibrosis patients. Bacteriophage therapy (phage therapy) is being studied for multidrug resistant bacteria in people with CF. Bacteriophage therapy is a treatment...
yeast-activity. To determine the anti-viral capacity of beeswax wrap bacteriophagesM13 and P1 were incubated in a liquid phase with the beeswax wrap. Results...
(kbp) of DNA carrying a single gene, using vectors such as plasmids or bacteriophages, or as large as hundreds of kbp for large-scale genomic studies using...
Geminiviruses replicate via a rolling circle mechanism like bacteriophages such as M13, and many plasmids. Replication occurs within the nucleus of an...
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