It has been suggested that Battle of Lode be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2024.
Livonian War
Siege of Narva by the Russians in 1558, by Boris Chorikov, 1836
Date
22 January 1558 – 10 August 1583 (25 years, 6 months, 2 weeks and 5 days)
Location
Northern Europe: Estonia, Livonia, Ingria, Russia
Result
Dano–Norwegian, Polish–Lithuanian and Swedish victory
Territorial changes
Cession of:
Estonia to Sweden
Livonia, Courland and Semigallia to Poland–Lithuania
Ösel to Denmark–Norway
Belligerents
Livonian Confederation Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (before 1569 the Polish–Lithuanian union) Denmark–Norway Kingdom of Sweden Zaporozhian Cossacks Principality of Transylvania (after 1577)[1]
Tsardom of Russia Qasim Khanate Kingdom of Livonia
Commanders and leaders
Sigismund II Augustus Stephen Báthory Gotthard Kettler Frederick II Eric XIV John III
Ivan IV Shahghali Sain-Bulat Magnus of Livonia
v
t
e
Livonian War
1st Narva
Dorpat
Ringen
Tirsen
Ergeme
Fellin
Nevel
1st Polotsk
Ula
Ozerishche
Chashniki
1st Reval
Lode
Wesenberg
Pärnu
2nd Reval
Weissenstein
Wenden
Báthory's campaign
2nd Polotsk
Sokol
Rzhev
Velikiye Luki
Toropets
Shklov
Zavolochye
Nastasyino
Radziwiłł's raid
Pskov
2nd Narva
Lyalitsy
Oreshek
v
t
e
Polish–Russian Wars
Kievan Rus'
981
1022
1018
1030-1031
1069-1071
1076-1077
1092
1121-1124
1135
1136
1139-1142
1180
Halych–Volhynia
1182-1183
1205
1280
1340-1392
Tsardom of Russia
Muscovite/Lithuanian
1487-1494
1508
1512-1522
1558-1583
1605–1618
1632-1634
1654–1667
Russian Empire
1733-1735
1768-1772
1792
1794
1806-1807
1812
1830-1831
1863-1864
Soviet Union
1914-1918
1918-1919
1919-1921
1939
v
t
e
Polish–Swedish wars
1563-1568
Sigismund
1600–1611
1617–1618
1621–1625
1626–1629
2nd Northern
(Deluge)
Great Northern
War of the Fourth Coalition
War of the Sixth Coalition
v
t
e
Russo-Swedish wars
Middle Ages
(1475–1476)
(1479–1482)
(1495–1497)
(1499)
(1554–1557)
(1558–1583)
(1590–1595)
(1610–1617)
(1656)
(1656–1658)
(1700–1721)
(1741–1743)
(1788–1790)
(1808–09)
The Livonian War (1558–1583) was fought for control of Old Livonia (in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia). The Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of the Dano-Norwegian Realm, the Kingdom of Sweden, and the Union (later Commonwealth) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland.
From 1558 to 1578, Russia dominated the region with early military successes at Dorpat (Tartu) and Narva. The Russian dissolution of the Livonian Confederation brought Poland–Lithuania into the conflict, and Sweden and Denmark intervened between 1559 and 1561. Swedish Estonia was established despite constant invasion from Russia, and Frederick II of Denmark bought the old Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, which he placed under the control of his brother Magnus of Holstein. Magnus attempted to expand his Livonian holdings to establish the Russian vassal state, the Kingdom of Livonia, which nominally existed until his defection in 1576.
In 1576, Stephen Báthory became King of Poland as well as Grand Duke of Lithuania and turned the tide of the war with his successes between 1578 and 1581, including the joint Swedish–Polish–Lithuanian offensive at the Battle of Wenden. That was followed by an extended campaign through Russia, culminating in the long and difficult Siege of Pskov. Under the 1582 Truce of Jam Zapolski, which ended the war between Russia and Poland–Lithuania, Russia lost all of its former holdings in Livonia and Polotsk to Poland–Lithuania. The following year, Sweden and Russia signed the Truce of Plussa, with Sweden gaining most of Ingria and northern Livonia while retaining the Duchy of Estonia.
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ecclesiastical state in the Livonian Confederation founded in the aftermath of the Livonian Crusade. During the LivonianWar in 1559 the bishopric became...
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Global Information
Livonian Confederation
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Denmark–Norway
Kingdom of Sweden
Zaporozhian Cossacks
Principality of Transylvania (after 1577)[1]
Tsardom of Russia
Kingdom of Livonia
Gotthard Kettler
Frederick II