Population history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Genocide
Slavery
Slavery in the United States
Partus sequitur ventrem
Indian Removal Act
Trail of Tears
Native American slave ownership
Indian Territory
American Civil War
Dawes Rolls
Cultural assimilation of Native Americans
Racism against Native Americans
Indian Appropriations Act
Racial Integrity Act
Indian Citizenship Act of 1924
Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
Jim Crow laws
Blood quantum laws
Native Americans and World War II
American Indian boarding schools
Civil rights movement
Red Power movement
Native American rights
Alcohol and Native Americans
Native American temperance activists
Culture
Mississippian culture
Adena culture
Hohokam culture
Iroquois culture
Art
Food
Music
Pow wow
Dance
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
Film
Indigenous Peoples' Day
Literature
Fashion
Neighborhoods
Health
Tribal sovereignty
Wars
Beaver Wars
Anglo-Powhatan Wars
Pequot War
Kieft's War
Peach Tree War
Esopus Wars
King Philip's War
Tuscarora War
Yamasee War
Dummer's War
Pontiac's War
Lord Dunmore's War
American Revolutionary War
Cherokee–American wars
Northwest Indian War
War of 1812
Creek War
Arikara War
Seminole Wars / Second Seminole War
Osage Indian War
American Civil War
Texas–Indian wars (1836–1877) / Comanche Wars (1836–1877) / (1858)|Antelope Hills expedition / Comanche Campaign (1867–1875) / Red River War (1874–1875) / Buffalo Hunters' War (1876–1877)
Cayuse War
Apache Wars (1849–1924) / Jicarilla War (1849–1855) / Chiricahua Wars (1860–1886) / Tonto War (1871–1875) / Victorio's War (1879–1880) / Geronimo's War (1881–1886) / Post 1887 Apache Wars period (1887–1924)
Yuma War
Ute Wars(1850–1923) / Battle at Fort Utah (1850) / Walker War (1853–1854) / Tintic War (1856) / Black Hawk War (1865–1872) / White River War (1879) / Ute War (1887) / Bluff War (1914–1915) / Bluff Skirmish (1921)
Posey War (1923)
Sioux Wars (1854–1891) / First Sioux War (1854-1856) / Dakota War (1862) / Colorado War (1863–1865) / Powder River War (1865) / Red Cloud's War (1866–1868) / Great Sioux War (1876–1877) / Northern Cheyenne Exodus (1878-1879) / Ghost Dance War (1890–1891)
Rogue River Wars (1855–1856)
Yakima War (1855–1858) / Puget Sound War (1855–1856) / Coeur d'Alene War (1858)
Mohave War(1858–1859)
Navajo Wars (1849–1866)
Paiute War(1860)
Yavapai Wars(1861–1875)
Snake War (1864–1869)
Hualapai War (1865–1870)
Modoc War (1872–1873)
Nez Perce War (1877)
Bannock War (1878)
Crow War (1887)
Bannock Uprising (1895)
Yaqui Uprising (1896)
Battle of Sugar Point (1898)
Crazy Snake Rebellion (1909)
Last Massacre (1911)
Battle of Kelley Creek (1911)
Battle of Bear Valley (1918)
Political movements
Civil rights movement
Self-determination
Nationalism
American Indian Movement (AIM)
Red Power Movement
Occupation of Alcatraz
Trail of Broken Treaties
Occupation of Wounded Knee
MMIW (Red handprint)
Religion
American Indian Religious Freedom Act
Christianity
Eagle Feather law
Mormonism
Traditional religions
Native American church
Sun Dance
Longhouse Religion
Groups
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Native American Rights Fund (NARF)
National Congress of American Indians
National Indian Youth Council (NIYC)
Women of All Red Nations (WARN)
The International Indian Treaty Council (IITC)
Ethnic subdivisions
Black Indians
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Louisiana Creole
Languages
English
American English
Native American languages
Demographics
Neighborhoods
Societal statistics
Reservations
Tribal disenrollment
Reservation poverty
Geography
by region
Great Basin
Northeastern Woodlands
Northwest Plateau
Pacific Northwest
The Great Plains
Southeastern Woodlands
Southwest
by state
Alaska
Arizona
California
Colorado
Florida
Hawaii
Iowa
Maryland
Michigan
Nebraska
North Carolina
Oklahoma
Oregon
Virginia
Wisconsin
Lists
Native Americans
artists
actors
war leaders
musicians
congressional politicians
Native American Medal of Honor recipients
List of federally recognized tribes
List of federally recognized tribes by state
List of Indian reservations in the United States
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Indigenous peoples of Arizona are the Native American people who currently live or have historically lived in what is now the state of Arizona. There are 22 federally recognized tribes in Arizona, including 17 with reservations that lie entirely within its borders. Reservations make up over a quarter of the state's land area.[1][2] Arizona has the third largest Native American population of any U.S. state.[2]
Archaeological evidence for the presence of Paleo-Indians in Arizona dates back at least 13,000 years.[3] Over subsequent millennia, several complex and long-lived cultures emerged; these included the Hohokam, Mogollon, Sinagua, and Ancestral Puebloans, who are all thought to be ancestors of multiple modern tribes.[4][5][6][7] The first Spanish settlers arrived in present-day Arizona in the mid-16th century, later establishing missions and drastically disrupting the indigenous way of life.[3]
Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, present-day Arizona was ruled in turn by Spain, Mexico, and the United States. Settlers from all three nations encountered resistance from native Arizona communities, particularly the Apache.[3] During 19th and 20th century American rule, Arizona Natives faced forced cultural assimilation under the boarding school system, environmental degradation on reservation lands, and, in some cases, ethnic cleansing.[3]
In the 21st century, Arizona's Native communities continue to play a prominent role in its culture, notably in its tourism industry.[8] However, they also face systemic inequality, including a lack of water infrastructure and an increased susceptibility to health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.[9][10]
^Bureau of Indian Affairs (January 12, 2023). "Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs". Federal Register. 88: 2112–2116.
^ ab"US States With The Largest Native American Populations". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
^ abcdArizona State Museum (2023). "Culture History of Southern Arizona". Arizona State Museum. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
^American Southwest Virtual Museum (2023). "Mogollon". American Southwest Virtual Museum. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
^Arizona Museum of Natural History (2023). "The Hohokam". Arizona Museum of Natural History. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
^American Southwest Virtual Museum (2023). "Sinagua". American Southwest Virtual Museum. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
^American Southwest Virtual Museum (2023). "Ancestral Puebloan". American Southwest Virtual Museum. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
^Blazier, Kelsie (September 1, 2022). "Arizona's indigenous communities shape the state's past and present". ABC 15. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
^Becenti, Arlyssa D.; McKinnon, Shaun (June 22, 2023). "Supreme Court rejects claims by the Navajo Nation in a key water case". Arizona Republic. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
^Yellow Horse, Aggie J.; Yang, Tse-Chuan; Huyser, Kimberly R. (2022). "Structural Inequalities Established the Architecture for COVID-19 Pandemic Among Native Americans in Arizona: a Geographically Weighted Regression Perspective". J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 9 (1): 165–175.
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