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Indigenous peoples of the Americas information


Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Current distribution of Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Total population
Approximately 62 million
Regions with significant populations
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Mexico11.8 - 23.2 million[1][2]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas United States3.7 - 9.7 million[3]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Guatemala6.4 million[4]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Peru5.9 million[5]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Bolivia4.1 million[6]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Chile2.1 million[7]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Colombia1.9 million[8]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Canada1.8 million[9]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Brazil1.7 million[10]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Argentina1.3 million[11]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Ecuador1.3 million[12]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Venezuela724,592[13]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Honduras601,019[14]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Nicaragua443,847[15]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Panama417,559[16]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Paraguay117,150[17]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Costa Rica104,143[18]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Guyana78,492[19]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Uruguay76,452[20]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Greenland50,189[21]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Belize36,507[22]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Suriname20,344[23]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Puerto Rico19,839[24]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas French Guiana~19,000[25]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas El Salvador13,310[26]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Saint Vincent and the Grenadines3,280[27]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Dominica2,576[28]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Trinidad and Tobago1,394[29]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Saint Lucia951[30]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Antigua and Barbuda327[31]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Grenada162[32]
Indigenous peoples of the Americas Saint Kitts and Nevis8[33]
Religion
Mostly Christianity (Catholic and Protestant), along with various Indigenous American religions
Related ethnic groups
Mestizos, Métis, Zambos, Pardos and Indigenous Siberian peoples

The Indigenous peoples of the Americas are groups of people native to a specific region that inhabited the Americas before the arrival of European settlers in the 15th century and the ethnic groups who continue to identify themselves with those peoples.[34]

The Indigenous peoples of the Americas are diverse; some Indigenous peoples were historically hunter-gatherers, while others traditionally practice agriculture and aquaculture. In some regions, Indigenous peoples created pre-contact monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, city-states, chiefdoms, states, kingdoms, republics, confederacies and empires.[35] These societies had varying degrees of knowledge of engineering, architecture, mathematics, astronomy, writing, physics, medicine, planting and irrigation, geology, mining, metallurgy, sculpture and gold smithing.

Many parts of the Americas are still populated by Indigenous peoples; some countries have sizeable populations, especially Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru and the United States. At least a thousand different Indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas, where there are also 574 federally recognized tribes in the United States alone. Several of these languages are recognized as official by several governments such as those in Bolivia, Peru, Paraguay and Greenland. Some, such as Quechua, Arawak, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan and Nahuatl, count their speakers in the millions. Whether contemporary Indigenous people live in rural communities or urban ones, many also maintain additional aspects of their cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many Indigenous peoples have also evolved, preserving traditional customs but also adjusting to meet modern needs. Some Indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.[36] Indigenous peoples from the Americas have also formed diaspora communities outside the Western Hemisphere, namely in former colonial centers in Europe. A notable example is the sizable Greenlandic Inuit community in Denmark.[37] In the 20th and 21st centuries, Indigenous peoples from Suriname and French Guiana migrated to the Netherlands and France, respectively.[38][39]

  1. ^ "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020: Presentación de resultados" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. p. 49. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022. Note: Indigenous population was identified as the total population in households where the head of the household, his or her spouse or any of their ascendants claimed to speak an Indigenous language.
  2. ^ "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020: Resultados complementarios" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. p. 27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022. It was estimated that 19.41% of population aged 3 years and older considered themselves to be Indigenous.
  3. ^ "2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". United States Census Bureau. The American Indian and Alaska Native population of one race was 3.7 million and the two or more races population 5.9 million (excluding Puerto Rico).
  4. ^ "Principales Resultados del Censo 2018" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. p. 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021. Sum of people who identify as Maya (6,207,503) and Xinka (264,167).
  5. ^ "Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. p. 214. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 February 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021. Sum of people who identify as Quechua (5,176,809), Aimara (548,292), Native or Indigenous from the Amazon (79,266), Ashaninka (55,489), Part of another Indigenous or originary peoples (49,838), Awajun (37,690) and Shipibo Konibo (25,222).
  6. ^ "Características de la Población – Censo 2012" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. p. 103. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021. Excluding Afro-Bolivians (23,330).
  7. ^ "Síntesis de Resultados Censo 2017" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2021. Excluding Rapa Nui (9,399).
  8. ^ "Población Indígena de Colombia" (PDF) (in Spanish). Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  9. ^ "Indigenous identity by Registered or Treaty Indian status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts". Statistics Canada. 21 September 2022. Archived from the original on 27 September 2022.
  10. ^ "Censo Demográfico 2022: Identificação étnico-racial da população, por sexo e idade" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
  11. ^ "Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2022: Población indígena o descendiente de pueblos indígenas u originarios" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC). Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  12. ^ "Presentación de Resultados Nacionales" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  13. ^ "Resultados Población Indígena" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 November 2018. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Población total por grupo poblacional al que pertenece, según total nacional, departamento, área, sexo y grupo de edad" (XLSX). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021. Sum of people who identify as Maya-Chortí (33,256), Lenca (453,672), Misquito (80,007), Nahua (6,339), Pech (6,024), Tolupán (19,033) and Tawahka (2,690).
  15. ^ "Resultados – Censo de Poblacion y Vivienda 2005" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos. p. 184. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  16. ^ "Distribución de la población indígena, por grupo étnico, en la República de Panamá, según provincia y comarca indígena" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  17. ^ "Tierra y territorio, fundamentos de vida de los pueblos indígenas, 2012" (PDF) (in Spanish). Dirección General de Estadística, Encuestas y Censos. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  18. ^ "Población indígena por pertenencia a un pueblo indígena, según provincia y sexo". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos. Archived from the original (XLS) on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  19. ^ "Final 2012 Census Compendium 2" (PDF). Bureau of Statistics. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  20. ^ "Población por sexo y principal ascendencia étnico racial, según departamento". Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Archived from the original (XLS) on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  21. ^ "Greenland in Figures 2020" (PDF). Statistics Greenland. p. 37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021. Corresponding to "Born in Greenland".
  22. ^ "Population and Housing Census 2010" (PDF). Statistical Institute of Belize. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  23. ^ "Demografische en Sociale Karakteristieken en Migratie" (PDF) (in Dutch). Algemeen Bureau voor de Statistiek. p. 46. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  24. ^ "Puerto Rico: 2010 Summary Population and Housing Characteristics" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 90. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  25. ^ Aupetit, Mathilde. "Les populations indigènes de la Guyane française : une mémoire environnementale essentielle à protéger" (in French). Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
  26. ^ "VI Censo de población y V de vivienda 2007" (PDF) (in Spanish). Dirección General de Estadística y Censos. p. 273. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  27. ^ "Population and Housing Census Report 2012" (PDF). Statistical Office. p. 28. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  28. ^ "Ethnic Groups by Sex 1991, 2001 and 2011". Central Statistics Office of Dominica. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  29. ^ "2011 Population and Housing Census Demographic Report" (PDF). Central Statistical Office. p. 94. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  30. ^ "2010 Housing and Population Census". The Central Statistical Office of Saint Lucia. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2023. To generate the report follow Population and Housing > Basic Characteristics > Person Variables, select Ethnic group and execute.
  31. ^ "2011 Population and Housing Census" (PDF). Statistics Division. p. 64. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  32. ^ "Population and Housing Census 2011" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 September 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  33. ^ "Population by Ethnic, Racial or National Group, 2011". Department of Statistics, Ministry of Sustainable Development. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  34. ^ "Indigenous Peoples of North America". www.gale.com. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  35. ^ Graeber, David and Wengrow, David "The Dawn of Everything, A New History of Humanity" (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001), pp. 346–358
  36. ^ Mann, Charles C. (2005). 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus. New York: Knopf Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4000-4006-3. OCLC 56632601.
  37. ^ "Greenlanders in Denmark: a Realistic Perspective of a Varied Group". humanityinaction.org. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  38. ^ "Migration from French Overseas Departments to Metropolitan France: What we can learn about a state policy from the censuses, 1962–1999". hal.science. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  39. ^ "Diasporic Indigeneity: Surinamese Indigenous Identities in the Netherlands" (PDF). munin.uit.no. Retrieved 18 December 2023.

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