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In vitro models for calcification may refer to systems that have been developed in order to reproduce, in the best possible way, the calcification process that tissues or biomaterials undergo inside the body. The aim of these systems is to mimic the high levels of calcium and phosphate present in the blood and measure the extent of the crystal's deposition. Different variations can include other parameters to increase the veracity of these models, such as flow, pressure, compliance and resistance. All the systems have different limitations that have to be acknowledged regarding the operating conditions and the degree of representation. The rational of using such is to partially replace in vivo animal testing, whilst rendering much more controllable and independent parameters compared to an animal model.
The main use of these models is to study the calcification potential of prostheses that are in direct contact with the blood. In this category we find examples such as animal tissue prostheses (xenogeneic bioprosthesis). Xenogeneic heart valves are of special importance for this area of study as they demonstrate a limited durability mainly due to the fatigue of the tissue and the calcific deposits (see Aortic valve replacement).
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Invitromodelsforcalcification may refer to systems that have been developed in order to reproduce, in the best possible way, the calcification process...
valve, and this calcification causes hardening and stenosis of the valve. Another major cause of aortic stenosis is the calcification of a congenital...
failures were due to valve calcification and that 2 of them had additional tears. They find that their results with 'calcification' in all failed valves are...
differences in diseased vs. healthy heart tissue. Based on hypotheses about molecular regulators of valvular calcification and fibrosis, the lab uses invitro co-culture...
composition is calcification, are diamagnetic compared to water. Therefore, it is possible to use this diamagnetism to differentiate calcifications from iron...
injury in adult mice; prevention of aortic valve calcificationin a mouse atheroma model; stimulation of T-cell anti-tumor immunity in a mouse model; correction...
strongly involved in inducing calcification, its control is essential in developing shells; the protein ferritin plays an important role in controlling the...
simplex von Csefalvay, Chris (2023), "Simple compartmental models", Computational Modeling of Infectious Disease, Elsevier, pp. 19–91, doi:10.1016/b978-0-32-395389-4...
rejection and calcification.[citation needed] Alternatives to animal tissue valves are sometimes used, where valves are used from human donors, as in aortic...
encountered. iPSCs can potentially replace animal models unsuitable as well as invitromodels used for disease research. Findings with respect to epiblasts...
Turnover and Enhances Bone Formation InVitro: Implications and Applications for Bone Tissue Engineering.” Calcified Tissue International, 67(4):321-329...
inflammation and hyperplasia in the gastric epithelium, calcificationin the brain, testicular atrophy, loss of cytoplasmic granules in straited duct cells of...
R. (2009). "Freshwater calcite precipitates from invitro mesocosm flume experiments: a case for biomediation of tufas". Sedimentology. 56 (2): 511–527...
Armstrong, R.N. (1999). "Ionic exchanges of turtle shell invitro and their relevance to shell function in the anoxic turtle". Journal of Experimental Biology...
familial brain calcification (see Fahr's syndrome) is a rare disease involving bilateral calcificationsin the brain, predominantly in basal ganglia but...
side effects such as calcification of arteries and kidney stones, the IOM and EFSA both set Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) for the combination of dietary...
metastatic calcification (especially in the kidneys) may develop. Other symptoms of vitamin D toxicity include intellectual disability in young children...
Several disease models have been used, including Ang-II induced hypertension and surgical models of brain and heart ischemia. Invitromodels such as isolated...
necrosis, metastatic calcification, develop cysts, and agglomerate into palpable lumps. Although the cause of metastatic calcification is unknown, the post-procedure...
radiographic film between the bone and meniscus represents the cartilage. ForInvitro x-ray scans, the outer soft tissue is most likely removed, so the cartilage...
immunity. Patients present in childhood with infectious, neurologic or dermatologic features. Basal ganglia calcification is observed in all patients reported...
RM (July 1978). "The role of mitochondria in growth plate calcification as demonstrated in a rachitic model". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American...
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