Molecule containing main group elements with more than eight valence electrons
In chemistry, a hypervalent molecule (the phenomenon is sometimes colloquially known as expanded octet) is a molecule that contains one or more main group elements apparently bearing more than eight electrons in their valence shells. Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), chlorine trifluoride (ClF3), the chlorite (ClO−2) ion in chlorous acid and the triiodide (I−3) ion are examples of hypervalent molecules.
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In chemistry, a hypervalentmolecule (the phenomenon is sometimes colloquially known as expanded octet) is a molecule that contains one or more main group...
definitively excluding the role of d-orbital hybridisation in bonding in hypervalent compounds of second-row (period 3) elements, ending a point of contention...
attain this configuration in compounds. There are, however, some hypervalentmolecules in which the 3d level may play a part in the bonding, although this...
violently with water to produce highly corrosive sulfuric acid. Hypervalentmolecule Sulfur trioxide pyridine complex Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw,...
of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is a hypervalentmolecule.[citation needed] Typical for a nonpolar gas, SF 6 is poorly soluble...
known to medieval alchemists as "volatile spirit of sulfur". SO2 is a bent molecule with C2v symmetry point group. A valence bond theory approach considering...
Gaseous and molten PCl5 is a neutral molecule with trigonal bipyramidal geometry and (D3h) symmetry. The hypervalent nature of this species (as well as...
used by many force fields, and allows the VALBOND method to handle hypervalentmolecules and transition metal complexes. The VALBOND energy term has been...
iodine-atom. In the molecular orbital model, a common explanation for the hypervalent bonding on the central iodine involves a three-center four-electron bond...
These are the hypervalent organoiodines, often called iodanes after the IUPAC rule used to name them. These iodine compounds are hypervalent because the...
3 pm and S–Feq = 154.2 pm. It is typical for the axial ligands in hypervalentmolecules to be bonded less strongly. The 19F NMR spectrum of SF4 reveals...
in the periodic table.) Lower-period elements, however, may form hypervalentmolecules, such as phosphorus pentafluoride or sulfur hexafluoride. The reactivity...
in a large scale rocket propulsion system. Chlorine trifluoride Hypervalentmolecule Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements...
also be moved in the same way to create resonance structures for hypervalentmolecules such as sulfur hexafluoride, which is the correct description according...
Tetraethylammonium trichloride (also known as Mioskowski reagent) is a chemical compound with the formula [NEt4][Cl3] consisting of a tetraethylammonium...
phenyl groups all appear to be equivalent. This is probably because the molecule is not stable in shape and orientation of phenyl changes rapidly. Solid...
Noury, S.; Silvi, B.; Gillespie, R. J. (2002). "Chemical Bonding in HypervalentMolecules: Is the Octet Rule Relevant?" (PDF). Inorganic Chemistry. 41 (8):...
types of organic synthesis as an efficient catalyst. Stannatrane Hypervalentmolecule Voronkov, Mikhail G.; Baryshok, Viktor P. "Atranes - a new generation...
this compound is similar to that of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). On a per molecule basis, it is considered to be the most potent greenhouse gas present in...
bipyramidal structure, with D5h symmetry, as predicted by VSEPR theory. The molecule can undergo a pseudorotational rearrangement called the Bartell mechanism...
discovered in 1934 by Denbigh and Whytlaw-Gray. Each sulfur atom of the S2F10 molecule is octahedral, and surrounded by five fluorine atoms and one sulfur atom...
than predicted by the octet rule, as explained in the article on hypervalentmolecules. The mechanisms of their reactions differ from organic compounds...
p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in a molecule, which in general lowers the overall energy of the molecule and increases stability. It is conventionally...