Any chemical compound having at least one fluorine atom
This article is about structural chemistry of the compounds of fluorine. For applications and other aspects, see Fluorine.
Fluorine as straight (a) or bent (b) bridging ligands[1]
Fluorine forms a great variety of chemical compounds, within which it always adopts an oxidation state of −1. With other atoms, fluorine forms either polar covalent bonds or ionic bonds. Most frequently, covalent bonds involving fluorine atoms are single bonds, although at least two examples of a higher order bond exist.[2] Fluoride may act as a bridging ligand between two metals in some complex molecules. Molecules containing fluorine may also exhibit hydrogen bonding (a weaker bridging link to certain nonmetals).[3] Fluorine's chemistry includes inorganic compounds formed with hydrogen, metals, nonmetals, and even noble gases; as well as a diverse set of organic compounds.[note 1]
For many elements (but not all) the highest known oxidation state can be achieved in a fluoride. For some elements this is achieved exclusively in a fluoride, for others exclusively in an oxide; and for still others (elements in certain groups) the highest oxidation states of oxides and fluorides are always equal.[4]
^Calderazzo, Fausto (2010). "Halide-bridged polymers of divalent metals with donor ligands – Structures and properties". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 254 (5–6): 537–554. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2009.08.007.
^Cite error: The named reference NF charge was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Smart, Bruce E.; Tatlow, J. C. (1994). Organofluorine chemistry: Principles and commercial applications. Springer. p. 515. ISBN 978-0306446108.
^Riedel, S.; Kaupp, M. (2009). "The Highest Oxidation States of the Transition Metal Elements". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 253 (5–6): 606–624. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2008.07.014.
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Fluoride (/ˈflʊəraɪd, ˈflɔːr-/) is an inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine, with the chemical formula F− (also written [F]− ), whose salts are typically...
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December 4, 2000 Klapötke, Thomas M. (2006). "Nitrogen–fluorinecompounds". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 127 (6): 679–687. doi:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006...
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