As this karyotype displays a diploid human cell contains 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. The cell has two sets of each chromosome; one of the pair is derived from the mother and the other from the father. The maternal and paternal chromosomes in a homologous pair have the same genes at the same locus, but possibly different alleles.
Further information: Karyotype
A pair of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, is a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci, where they provide points along each chromosome that enable a pair of chromosomes to align correctly with each other before separating during meiosis.[1] This is the basis for Mendelian inheritance, which characterizes inheritance patterns of genetic material from an organism to its offspring parent developmental cell at the given time and area.[2]
^Homologous chromosomes. 2. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier. 2008. pp. 815, 821–822. ISBN 978-1-4160-2255-8. Archived from the original on 2015-11-29. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
^Cite error: The named reference Griffiths was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
and 24 Related for: Homologous chromosome information
A pair of homologouschromosomes, or homologs, is a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during...
Chi (Χ)) between the homologouschromosomes. In most organisms, these links can help direct each pair of homologouschromosomes to segregate away from...
Chromosome segregation is the process in eukaryotes by which two sister chromatids formed as a consequence of DNA replication, or paired homologous chromosomes...
Chromosomal crossover, or crossing over, is the exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between two homologouschromosomes' non-sister...
number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively, in each homologouschromosome pair, which chromosomes naturally exist as. Somatic cells...
by facilitating chromosomal crossover, in which regions of similar but not identical DNA are exchanged between homologouschromosomes. This creates new...
paternally derived non-sister chromatids of homologouschromosome pairs.: 98 The paired homologouschromosome bound by the synaptonemal complex are referred...
alleles whose loci are on different but homologouschromosomes (random orientation of pairs of homologouschromosomes in meiosis I); & (2) intrachromosomal...
is a chromosome abnormality caused by exchange of parts between non-homologouschromosomes. Two detached fragments of two different chromosomes are switched...
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologouschromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division (mitosis/meiosis). There are three...
recombination between repetitive sequences, or through chromosomal breakage followed by non-homologous end joining. Inversions are of two types: paracentric...
of two chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. It allows matching-up of homologous pairs prior to their segregation, and possible chromosomal crossover...
whose relationship was completely homologous in an ancestral species. In allopolyploids, the homologouschromosomes within each parental sub-genome should...
pair of (homologous) chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from...
confused with the ploidy of an organism, which is the number of homologous versions of a chromosome. Chromatids may be sister or non-sister chromatids. A sister...
being. It shows 22 homologous autosomal chromosome pairs, both the female (XX) and male (XY) versions of the two sex chromosomes, as well as the mitochondrial...
two homologous pairs, and two sex chromosomes. This gives 46 chromosomes in total. Other organisms have more than two copies of their chromosome types...
strands derived from different sources, such as from different homologouschromosomes or even from different organisms. One such example is the heteroduplex...
daughter cells. Homologouschromosomes are separated in the first division of meiosis, such that each daughter cell has one copy of each chromosome. These chromosomes...
domestic horse genome includes one metacentric chromosome that is homologous to two acrocentric chromosomes in the conspecific but undomesticated Przewalski's...
product. Aneuploidy (abnormal number of chromosomes) Autosomal dominant Autosomal recessive Homologouschromosome Pseudoautosomal region XY sex-determination...
sex chromosomes, each pair consisting of sex chromosomes with homologous regions. The chromosomes of neighboring pairs are partially homologous, such...
because the chromosomes in the cell nucleus are usually present in pairs (diploid). Carriers can be female or male as the autosomes are homologous independently...
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