Class of enzymes important in regulating DNA transcription
Histone deacetylase
Catalytic domain of human histone deacetylase 4 with bound inhibitor. PDB rendering based on 2vqj.[1]
Identifiers
EC no.
3.5.1.98
CAS no.
9076-57-7
Databases
IntEnz
IntEnz view
BRENDA
BRENDA entry
ExPASy
NiceZyme view
KEGG
KEGG entry
MetaCyc
metabolic pathway
PRIAM
profile
PDB structures
RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology
AmiGO / QuickGO
Search
PMC
articles
PubMed
articles
NCBI
proteins
Histone deacetylase superfamily
Identifiers
Symbol
Hist_deacetyl
Pfam
PF00850
InterPro
IPR000286
SCOP2
1c3s / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures / ECOD
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Histone deacetylases (EC 3.5.1.98, HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups (O=C-CH3) from an ε-N-acetyl lysine amino acid on both histone and non-histone proteins.[2] HDACs allow histones to wrap the DNA more tightly.[3] This is important because DNA is wrapped around histones, and DNA expression is regulated by acetylation and de-acetylation. HDAC's action is opposite to that of histone acetyltransferase. HDAC proteins are now also called lysine deacetylases (KDAC), to describe their function rather than their target, which also includes non-histone proteins.[4] In general, they suppress gene expression.[5]
^Bottomley MJ, Lo Surdo P, Di Giovine P, Cirillo A, Scarpelli R, Ferrigno F, et al. (September 2008). "Structural and functional analysis of the human HDAC4 catalytic domain reveals a regulatory structural zinc-binding domain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (39): 26694–26704. doi:10.1074/jbc.M803514200. PMC 3258910. PMID 18614528.
^Seto, Edward; Yoshida, Minoru (2014-04-01). "Erasers of histone acetylation: the histone deacetylase enzymes". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 6 (4): a018713. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a018713. ISSN 1943-0264. PMC 3970420. PMID 24691964.
^Milazzo G, Mercatelli D, Di Muzio G, Triboli L, De Rosa P, Perini G, Giorgi FM (May 2020). "Histone Deacetylases (HDACs): Evolution, Specificity, Role in Transcriptional Complexes, and Pharmacological Actionability". Genes. 11 (5): 556–604. doi:10.3390/genes11050556. PMC 7288346. PMID 32429325.
^Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, et al. (August 2009). "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions". Science. 325 (5942): 834–840. Bibcode:2009Sci...325..834C. doi:10.1126/science.1175371. PMID 19608861. S2CID 206520776.
^Chen, Hong Ping; Zhao, Yu Tina; Zhao, Ting C (2015). "Histone Deacetylases and Mechanisms of Regulation of Gene Expression (Histone deacetylases in cancer)". Crit Rev Oncog. 20 (1–2): 35–47. doi:10.1615/critrevoncog.2015012997. PMC 4809735. PMID 25746103.
and 28 Related for: Histone deacetylase information
Histonedeacetylases (EC 3.5.1.98, HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups (O=C-CH3) from an ε-N-acetyl lysine amino acid on both histone...
Histonedeacetylase inhibitors (HDAC inhibitors, HDACi, HDIs) are chemical compounds that inhibit histonedeacetylases. Since deacetylation of histones...
Histonedeacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC2 gene. It belongs to the histonedeacetylase class of enzymes responsible...
catalysed by enzymes with "histone acetyltransferase" (HAT) or "histonedeacetylase" (HDAC) activity. Acetylation is the process where an acetyl functional...
Histonedeacetylase 3 is an enzyme encoded by the HDAC3 gene in both humans and mice. Histones are highly alkaline proteins that package and order DNA...
Histonedeacetylase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC6 gene. HDAC6 has emerged as a highly promising candidate to selectively inhibit...
Histonedeacetylase 1 (HDAC1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene. Histone acetylation and deacetylation, catalyzed by multisubunit...
Histonedeacetylase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC5 gene. Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle...
Histonedeacetylase 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC9 gene. Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle...
Histonedeacetylase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC7 gene. Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle...
carried out by 1) covalent histone modifications by specific enzymes, e.g., histone acetyltransferases (HATs), deacetylases, methyltransferases, and kinases...
HKme, histone lysine acetylation, and DNA methylation via the action of corresponding methyltransferases, demethylases, acetylases, and deacetylases. This...
member of a larger class of compounds that inhibit histonedeacetylases (HDAC). Histonedeacetylase inhibitors (HDI) have a broad spectrum of epigenetic...
butyrate treatment of cells results in histone hyperacetylation, and butyrate itself inhibits class I histonedeacetylase (HDAC) activity, specifically HDAC1...
new antidepressant treatments. Histonedeacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones. Different HDACs play different...
Histonedeacetylase 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC10 gene. Acetylation of histone core particles modulates chromatin structure and...
Histonedeacetylase 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC8 gene. Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle...
has been tested in the treatment of AIDS and cancer, owing to its histone-deacetylase-inhibiting effects. It has cardioprotective, kidney protective, antiinflammatory...
Histonedeacetylase 4, also known as HDAC4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HDAC4 gene. Histones play a critical role in transcriptional...
Sirtuins that deacetylate histones are structurally and mechanistically distinct from other classes of histonedeacetylases (classes I, IIA, IIB and IV)...
effected by enzymes called histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histonedeacetylases (HDACs). Two general mechanisms are known for deacetylation. One...
acting as a growth suppressor. The pRb-E2F/DP complex also attracts a histonedeacetylase (HDAC) protein to the chromatin, reducing transcription of S phase...
antibiotic and selectively inhibits the class I and II mammalian histonedeacetylase (HDAC) families of enzymes, but not class III HDACs (i.e., sirtuins)...
neuroepigenetic function in the living human brain using the Class-I histonedeacetylase (HDAC) PET imaging probe [11C]Martinostat. This work demonstrated...
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