Resource with controlled vocabulary to describe the function of genes and gene products
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PMID 36866529
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geneontology.org
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The Gene Ontology (GO) is a major bioinformatics initiative to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species.[1] More specifically, the project aims to: 1) maintain and develop its controlled vocabulary of gene and gene product attributes; 2) annotate genes and gene products, and assimilate and disseminate annotation data; and 3) provide tools for easy access to all aspects of the data provided by the project, and to enable functional interpretation of experimental data using the GO, for example via enrichment analysis.[2][3] GO is part of a larger classification effort, the Open Biomedical Ontologies, being one of the Initial Candidate Members of the OBO Foundry.[4]
Whereas gene nomenclature focuses on gene and gene products, the Gene Ontology focuses on the function of the genes and gene products. The GO also extends the effort by using a markup language to make the data (not only of the genes and their products but also of curated attributes) machine readable, and to do so in a way that is unified across all species (whereas gene nomenclature conventions vary by biological taxon).
^Dessimoz, Christophe; Škunca, Nives, eds. (2017). The Gene Ontology Handbook. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1446. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3743-1. ISBN 9781493937431. ISSN 1064-3745. S2CID 3708801.
^Gaudet, Pascale; Škunca, Nives; Hu, James C.; Dessimoz, Christophe (2017). "Primer on the Gene Ontology". The Gene Ontology Handbook. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1446. pp. 25–37. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3743-1_3. ISBN 978-1-4939-3741-7. ISSN 1064-3745. PMC 6377150. PMID 27812933.
^Smith B, Ashburner M, Rosse C, Bard J, Bug W, Ceusters W, Goldberg LJ, Eilbeck K, Ireland A, Mungall CJ, Leontis N, Rocca-Serra P, Ruttenberg A, Sansone SA, Scheuermann RH, Shah N, Whetzel PL, Lewis S (November 2007). "The OBO Foundry: coordinated evolution of ontologies to support biomedical data integration". Nature Biotechnology. 25 (11): 1251–5. doi:10.1038/nbt1346. PMC 2814061. PMID 17989687.
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based analysis approach. Commonly used gene sets include those derived from KEGG pathways, GeneOntology terms, gene groups that share some other functional...
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brought geneontology, which in some ways is a next step of gene nomenclature, because it aims to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes...
is represented via the GeneOntology (GO), a controlled vocabulary of functional attributes.[citation needed] The GeneOntology, or GO, is a major bioinformatics...
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each gene by identifying function(s) from primary literature and linking to terms using the structured knowledge representation in the geneontology. Additionally...
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For example, all MODs use the GeneOntology (GO) to describe functions, processes and cellular locations of specific gene products. Projects also exist...
measures have been applied and developed in biomedical ontologies. They are mainly used to compare genes and proteins based on the similarity of their functions...
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distinctions are sometimes made according to function and/or length. The GeneOntology database does not make a distinction between the two, referring to most...
from the medical and genetics community to improve the ontology. Disease OntologyGeneOntology Köhler S, Doelken SC, Mungall CJ, Bauer S, Firth HV, Bailleul-Forestier...
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with genes, species, sequences, orthologous groups, geneontology (GO) terms or pathway keywords, etc. Another one of its main features is the Gene Cart...
pathways, and variations of many genes across species. When examining functionality between genes in pathways, the GeneOntology Consortium can help map these...
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