In information science, an upper ontology (also known as a top-level ontology, upper model, or foundation ontology) is an ontology (in the sense used in information science) that consists of very general terms (such as "object", "property", "relation") that are common across all domains. An important function of an upper ontology is to support broad semantic interoperability among a large number of domain-specific ontologies by providing a common starting point for the formulation of definitions. Terms in the domain ontology are ranked under the terms in the upper ontology, e.g., the upper ontology classes are superclasses or supersets of all the classes in the domain ontologies.
A number of upper ontologies have been proposed, each with its own proponents.
Library classification systems predate upper ontology systems. Though library classifications organize and categorize knowledge using general concepts that are the same across all knowledge domains, neither system is a replacement for the other.
information science, an upperontology (also known as a top-level ontology, upper model, or foundation ontology) is an ontology (in the sense used in information...
The Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) is an upperontology intended as a foundation ontology for a variety of computer information processing systems...
In metaphysics, ontology is the philosophical study of being. It investigates what types of entities exist, how they are grouped into categories, and how...
independent view on reality, a formal (upper level) ontology gains the following properties: indefinite expandability: the ontology remains consistent with increasing...
knowledge domain of operations. Often such ontologies take advantage of the benefits of an upperontology. Planning software can be used to perform plan...
Formal ontologyOntology engineering Upperontology Arp, Robert; Smith, Barry; Spear, Andrew D. (2015). Building Ontologies with Basic Formal Ontology. MIT...
apply to all domains. Influential upperontologies include Suggested Upper Merged Ontology and Basic Formal Ontology. Logic as the study of correct reasoning...
For example, CIDOC-CRM and CORA are considered as core ontologies. Semantic prime Upperontology Prestes, Edson; Carbonera, Joel Luis; Fiorini, Sandro...
Standard UpperOntology: A large ontology for the Semantic Web and its applications. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Formal Ontology in...
The general formal ontology (GFO) is an upperontology integrating processes and objects. GFO has been developed by Heinrich Herre, Barbara Heller and...
need for any given set of applications or ontologies. Having a foundation ontology (also called upperontology) that contains all those primitive elements...
The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies. Ontologies are a formal way to describe taxonomies...
Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory Cultural literacy Core Knowledge Foundation Upperontology – Ontology applicable across domains of knowledge Furnham et al. found positive...
permanent URIs for the UMBEL concepts; the connections within the UMBEL upperontology enable concepts from sources at different levels of abstraction or specificity...
Gellish is an ontology language for data storage and communication, designed and developed by Andries van Renssen since mid-1990s. It started out as an...
Tree), a flexible data structure for building search trees gist, an upperontology in information science Gist, a pastebin service operated by GitHub Gist...
thought hypothesis Natural semantic metalanguage Philosophical language Upperontology Leibniz, De Alphabeto cogitationum humanorum, (April 1679 to April 1681...
The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) provides an extensible ontology for concepts and information in cultural heritage and museum documentation....
principle of construction is a use of an applied ontology based in the upperontology. In practice, these ontologies take on a form of breakdown structures such...
Under Officer, a military cadet rank in Commonwealth countries Standard upperontology, in computing Sunriver Airport (IATA identifier: SUO), Sunriver, Oregon...
DOLCE+DnS-Ultralite - A lighter OWL axiomatization of DOLCE and DnS upperontologies. Dullingham railway station Dul (disambiguation) This disambiguation...
Ontologies model key concepts and their relationships in a domain. Example ontologies are YAGO, WordNet, and DOLCE. DOLCE is an example of an upper ontology...
knowledge about particular domains and applications. The upper layers have the character of an upperontology, covering general topics such as mereotopology, systems...
prefix and upper case letters. In our ontology chart the node labelled #IBM is a particular organisation. The arcs represent ontological dependency relations...
is "all levels down" (i.e., "k = ∞"). Formal ontology Process ontologyOntology language Upperontology "ISO/PAS 19450:2015 - Automation systems and integration...
The Plant Phenology Ontology (PPO) is a collection of OBO Foundry ontologies that facilitate integration of heterogeneous data about seed plant phenology...
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