Damage to DNA as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation or radiomimetic compounds
See also: DNA damage (naturally occurring) and DNA repair
Free radical damage to DNA can occur as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation or to radiomimetic[1] compounds. Damage to DNA as a result of free radical attack is called indirect DNA damage because the radicals formed can diffuse throughout the body and affect other organs. Malignant melanoma can be caused by indirect DNA damage because it is found in parts of the body not exposed to sunlight. DNA is vulnerable to radical attack because of the very labile hydrogens that can be abstracted and the prevalence of double bonds in the DNA bases that free radicals can easily add to.[2]
^Cite error: The named reference controversy was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Greenberg MM (2016). "Reactivity of Nucleic Acid Radicals". Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry. 50. Elsevier: 119–202. doi:10.1016/bs.apoc.2016.02.001. ISBN 978-0-12-804716-3. PMC 5435387. PMID 28529390.
and 26 Related for: Free radical damage to DNA information
FreeradicaldamagetoDNA can occur as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation or to radiomimetic compounds. DamagetoDNA as a result of free radical...
is called direct DNAdamage. UV-A light creates mostly freeradicals. The damage caused by freeradicals is called indirect DNAdamage. Ionizing radiation...
and blocking the mechanisms by which carcinogens act (such as freeradicaldamagetoDNA). Confirmation that a substance possesses anticarcinogenic activity...
the production of peroxides and freeradicals that damage all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress from oxidative...
produce freeradicals. Autoxidation leads to degradation of organic compounds, including living matter. Antioxidants are frequently added to industrial...
cell. Hypothetically, if an excessive amount was able to enter a cell, freeradicaldamagetoDNA might result. "Chromium (Cr) Toxicity: What Are the Physiologic...
environment induces damage at various levels, e.g. damagetoDNA, and damageto tissues and cells by oxygen radicals (widely known as freeradicals), and some...
The DNAdamage theory of aging proposes that aging is a consequence of unrepaired accumulation of naturally occurring DNAdamage. Damage in this context...
mitochondrial freeradical theory of ageing (MFRTA) proposes that freeradicals produced by mitochondrial activity damage cellular components, leading to ageing...
that leads to oxidative degradation of lipids, resulting in the formation of peroxide and hydroperoxide derivatives. It occurs when freeradicals, specifically...
processes, and can damage the elements of the cell such as the cell membrane and DNA and cause irreversible damage. The free-radical theory of aging proposes...
Cycle'); as mitochondrial DNA accumulates genetic damage caused by freeradicals, the mitochondria lose function and leak freeradicals into the cytosol. A...
thymine or cytosine bases within DNA, resulting from photochemical reactions. These lesions, commonly linked to direct DNAdamage, are induced by ultraviolet...
produce highly reactive freeradicals that can break the bonds in the DNA. Double-stranded breakages are especially damaging and hard to repair, producing translocation...
into a freeradical and thus propagating a chain reaction. However, hydrogen peroxide is actually more damagingtoDNA than the hydroxyl radical, since...
molecular lesion or point lesion is damageto the structure of a biological molecule such as DNA, RNA, or protein. This damage may result in the reduction or...
Cross-link Crosslinking of DNA Degenerative disease DNAdamage theory of aging Exposure to ultraviolet light Free-radicaldamage Glycation Life expectancy...
which are precursors toDNA synthesis and essential for cell proliferation. Class II RNRs produce a 5'-deoxyadenosyl radical by homolytic cleavage of...
blending stock for gasoline. In medicine, alkylation of DNA is used in chemotherapy todamage the DNA of cancer cells. Alkylation is accomplished with the...
because of liver damage, reacts with UV light on the skin, and leads tofreeradical formation. These freeradicalsdamage the skin, leading to ulceration,...
Dsup (contraction of damage suppressor) is a DNA-associating protein, unique to the tardigrade, that suppresses the occurrence of DNA breaks by radiation...
These radicals can damage mtDNA molecules or change them, making it hard for mitochondrial polymerase to replicate them. Both cases can lead to deletions...
physiological proof in vivo existed in support of the free-radical theory or that ORAC provided information relevant to biological antioxidant potential, it was withdrawn...
build-up of acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde and freeradicals generated by metabolizing alcohol induce DNAdamage and oxidative stress. In addition, activation...
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