The fluorosulfates or fluorosulfonates are a set of salts of fluorosulfuric acid with an ion formula SO3F−. The fluorosulfate anion can be treated as though it were a hydrogen sulfate anion with hydroxyl substituted by fluorine.[1] The fluorosulfate ion has a low propensity to form complexes with metal cations. Since fluorine is similar in size to oxygen, the fluorosulfate ion is roughly tetrahedral and forms salts similar to those of the perchlorate ion. It is isoelectronic with sulfate, SO4−2.[2] When an organic group is substituted for the anions, organic fluorosulfonates are formed.
In solution the fluorosulfate anion is completely ionised. The volume of the ions is 47.8 cm3/mol.[3] Most metal ions, and quaternary ammonium ions, can form fluorosulfate salts.[3] Different ways to make these salts include treating a metal chloride with anhydrous fluorosulfuric acid, which releases hydrogen chloride gas. Double decomposition methods utilising a metal sulfate with barium fluorosulfate, or a metal chloride with silver fluorosulfate, leave the metal salt in solution.[3]
The fluorosulfate anion is weakly coordinating, and is difficult to oxidise. It is important historically as a model weakly coordinating anion. However, by the twenty-first century fluorosulfate was superseded in this use, in particular by BARF.[2]
Many pseudobinary fluorosulfate salts are known. They are called pseudobinary, because although there is one other element, there are four kinds of atoms. Nonmetal pseudobinary fluorosulfates are known including those of halogens and xenon.[2]
Some pseudoternary fluorosulfates exist including Cs[Sb(SO3F)6], Cs[Au(SO3F)4], Cs2[Pt(SO3F)6][2]
Related ionic compounds are the fluoroselenites SeO3F− and the fluorosulfites SO2F−.[4] The sulfate fluorides are distinct, as they contain fluoride ions without a bond to the sulfate groups.
One fluorosulfate containing mineral called reederite-(Y) exists. It is a mixed anion compound that also contains carbonate and chloride.[5]
^Michałowski, Tomasz; Leszczyński, Piotr J.; Cyrański, Michał; Dobrzycki, Łukasz; Budzianowski, Armand; Grochala, Wojciech (August 2012). "The missing crystal structures of fluorosulfates of monovalent cations: M(I)SO3F, M=Na, Rb and Tl". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 140: 116–120. doi:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.05.004.
^ abcdCite error: The named reference mich16 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcLawrance, Geoffrey A. (February 1986). "Coordinated trifluoromethanesulfonate and fluorosulfate". Chemical Reviews. 86 (1): 17–33. doi:10.1021/cr00071a002.
^Cite error: The named reference simo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Grice, Joel D.; Gault, Robert A.; Chao, George Y. (1 October 1995). "Reederite-(Y), a new sodium rare-earth carbonate mineral with a unique fluorosulfate anion". American Mineralogist. 80 (9–10): 1059–1064. Bibcode:1995AmMin..80.1059G. doi:10.2138/am-1995-9-1023. S2CID 100079211.
The fluorosulfates or fluorosulfonates are a set of salts of fluorosulfuric acid with an ion formula SO3F−. The fluorosulfate anion can be treated as...
They form a series of salts with metal and organic cations called fluorosulfates. Organic (alkyl) fluorosulfonates are usually strong alkylation agents...
converts to sulfur trioxide. Sulfuryl fluoride gas is a precursor to fluorosulfates and sulfamoyl fluorides: SO2F2 + ROH + base → ROSO2F + Hbase+F− Originally...
chlorine nitrate (ClONO2, vigorously reactive and explosive), and chlorine fluorosulfate (ClOSO2F, more stable but still moisture-sensitive and highly reactive)...
some superacid systems. II. Systems sulfuric acid-[fsa], potassium fluorosulfate-[fsa], [fsa]-sulfur trioxide, [fsa]-arsenic pentafluoride, [sfa]-antimony...
some superacid systems. II. Systems sulfuric acid-[fsa], potassium fluorosulfate-[fsa], [fsa]-sulfur trioxide, [fsa]-arsenic pentafluoride, [sfa]-antimony...
point 165.4 °C; 329.6 °F; 438.5 K Acidity (pKa) -10 Conjugate base Fluorosulfate Structure Coordination geometry Tetragonal at S Molecular shape Tetrahedral...
is an ion with the formula SO2F3−. This term is ambiguous with three fluorosulfate ions (SO3F)3. It can also be confused with the trifluoromethyl sulfate...
mercurous fluoride. Strong bases result in formation of fluoride and fluorosulfate ions. Thionyl tetrafluoride can be used in click chemistry through reactions...
prepared compounds with manganese, a fluorouranate, a perchlorate, a fluorosulfate and N2F+ 3 salts. Christe attempted to make NF4F by metathesis of NF4SbF6...
with non-nucleophillic anions such as perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, fluorosulfate, and hexafluorophosphate. Selenopyrylium and derivatives can be made...
red-colored compounds that are highly reactive. These include chloryl fluorosulfate, ClO 2SO 3F, and dichloryl trisulfate, (ClO 2) 2(S 3O 10). These chloryl...
"1". A Structural and Vibrational Study of the Chromyl Chlorosulfate, Fluorosulfate, and Nitrate Compounds (Ebook). Springer Netherlands. p. 2. ISBN 9789400757639...
Guerman; Ellis, Brian L.; Huq, Ashfia; Nazar, L. F. (2012). "Lithium metal fluorosulfate polymorphs as positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries: synthetic strategies...
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