Slurred speech, weak execution of oral muscular movements
Dysarthria is a speech sound disorder resulting from neurological injury of the motor component of the motor–speech system[1] and is characterized by poor articulation of phonemes.[2] In other words, it is a condition in which problems effectively occur with the muscles that help produce speech, often making it very difficult to pronounce words. It is unrelated to problems with understanding language (that is, dysphasia or aphasia),[3] although a person can have both. Any of the speech subsystems (respiration, phonation, resonance, prosody, and articulation) can be affected, leading to impairments in intelligibility, audibility, naturalness, and efficiency of vocal communication.[4] Dysarthria that has progressed to a total loss of speech is referred to as anarthria. The term dysarthria was formed from the Greek components dys- "dysfunctional, impaired" and arthr- "joint, vocal articulation".[5][6]
Neurological injury due to damage in the central or peripheral nervous system may result in weakness, paralysis, or a lack of coordination of the motor–speech system, producing dysarthria.[1] These effects in turn hinder control over the tongue, throat, lips or lungs; for example, swallowing problems (dysphagia) are also often present in those with dysarthria. Cranial nerves that control the muscles relevant to dysarthria include the trigeminal nerve's motor branch (V), the facial nerve (VII), the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), the vagus nerve (X), and the hypoglossal nerve (XII).
Dysarthria does not include speech disorders from structural abnormalities, such as cleft palate and must not be confused with apraxia of speech, which refers to problems in the planning and programming aspect of the motor–speech system.[4] Just as the term "articulation" can mean either "speech" or "joint movement", so is the combining form of arthr- the same in the terms "dysarthria", "dysarthrosis", and "arthropathy"; the term "dysarthria" is conventionally reserved for the speech problem and is not used to refer to arthropathy, whereas "dysarthrosis" has both senses but usually refers to arthropathy.
^ abO'Sullivan, S. B.; Schmitz, T. J. (2007). Physical Rehabilitation (5th ed.). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company.[page needed]
^Duffy, Joseph (2005). Motor Speech Disorders: Substrates, Eifferential Eiagnosis, and Management. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Mosby. ISBN 0323024521.
^"Dysarthria". PubMed Health.
^ abMacKenzie, C (2011). "Dysarthria in stroke: A narrative review of its description and the outcome of intervention". International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. 13 (2): 125–36. doi:10.3109/17549507.2011.524940. PMID 21480809. S2CID 39377646.
^"Definition of DYSARTHRIA". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
^Company, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing. "The American Heritage Dictionary entry: dysarthria". www.ahdictionary.com. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
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muscles become involved. Bulbar symptoms, including difficulty speaking (dysarthria), difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), and excessive saliva production (sialorrhea)...
childhood apraxia of speech. Dysarthria is a weakness or paralysis of speech muscles caused by damage to the nerves or brain. Dysarthria is often caused by strokes...
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understand or express speech (aphasia) Difficulty with articulation of speech (dysarthria) Unsteady gait Difficulties with swallowing (dysphagia) Numbness or weakness...
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tongue, and jaw that can be disrupted by weakness in oral musculature (dysarthria) or an inability to execute the motor movements needed for specific speech...
reading and writing; Broca's or Wernicke's area typically involved) dysarthria (motor speech disorder resulting from neurological injury) apraxia (altered...
in for him. Clark returned to the series the following year, but the dysarthria that resulted from the stroke rendered him unable to speak clearly for...
(2000). Phonological/phonetic assessment of an English speaking adult with dysarthria (masters thesis). Memorial University of Newfoundland. Archived from the...
speech-language pathology for motor speech changes (typically a spastic-ataxic dysarthria), and physical therapy for balance and gait problems with reports of frequent...
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medication is stopped. Symptoms of an overdose include tachycardia, agitation, dysarthria, decreased consciousness, and coma. Death has been reported after an acute...
injury, paralysis, or illness of the larynx. Anarthria is a severe form of dysarthria, in which the coordination of movements of the mouth and tongue or the...
Speech therapists may assist in assessing, treating and supporting speech (dysarthria) and swallowing difficulties (dysphagia). Speech changes mean that alternative...
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