Comparison of the chemical structures of ribose (top) and deoxyribose (bottom).
fucose
Deoxy sugars[1] are sugars that have had a hydroxyl group replaced with a hydrogen atom.
Examples include:
Deoxyribose, or 2-deoxy-D-ribose, a constituent of DNA
Fucose, or 6-deoxy-L-galactose, main component of fucoidan of brown algae, and present in N-linked glycans
Fuculose, or 6-deoxy-L-tagatose, one of the important components of avian influenza virus particles
Rhamnose, or 6-deoxy-L-mannose, present in plant glycosides
In Escherichia coli bacteria, deoxyribose sugars are synthesized via two different pathways - one pathway involves aldol condensation, whereas the other pathway is conversion of a ribose sugar into a deoxyribose sugar by means of changes on the nucleotide or nucleoside level. Deoxyribose is synthesized through the reduction of ribose. Deoxyribose is derived from the same precursor as ribose being that the reduction of the sugar with the extra hydroxyl group results in the deoxy-sugar, which has its hydroxyl group replaced with a hydrogen atom.[2]
^"Deoxy sugars". Nature Publishing Group. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
^Sable, Henry Z.; Wright, Elmer M.; Bagatell, Fillmore K. (1959-06-01). "Biosynthesis of Ribose and Deoxyribose in Escherichia coli". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 234 (6): 1369–1374. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)70013-6. ISSN 1083-351X. PMID 13654380.
Deoxysugars are sugars that have had a hydroxyl group replaced with a hydrogen atom. Examples include: Deoxyribose, or 2-deoxy-D-ribose, a constituent...
H−(C=O)−(CH2)−(CHOH)3−H. Its name indicates that it is a deoxysugar, meaning that it is derived from the sugar ribose by loss of a hydroxy group. Discovered in...
Fucose is a hexose deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It is found on N-linked glycans on the mammalian, insect and plant cell surface. Fucose...
conform to this precise stoichiometric definition (e.g., uronic acids, deoxy-sugars such as fucose), nor are all chemicals that do conform to this definition...
disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main constituent of white sugar. It has the...
Sugar alcohols (also called polyhydric alcohols, polyalcohols, alditols or glycitols) are organic compounds, typically derived from sugars, containing...
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positions except C-1. Rules for nomenclature of modified sugars: State if the sugar is a deoxysugar, which means the –OH group is replaced by H. Specify...
Dideoxynucleotides are chain-elongating inhibitors of DNA polymerase, used in the Sanger method for DNA sequencing. They are also known as 2',3' because...
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it being a sugar alcohol. Xylitol is used as a food additive and sugar substitute. Its European Union code number is E967. Replacing sugar with xylitol...
chemistry, an amino sugar is a sugar molecule in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amine group. More than 60 amino sugars are known, with one...
products with a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more deoxysugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. The lactone rings...
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sugar or biose) is the sugar formed when two monosaccharides are joined by glycosidic linkage. Like monosaccharides, disaccharides are simple sugars soluble...
or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate...
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sugars, and can include the five-carbon sugars xylose and arabinose, the six-carbon sugars glucose, mannose and galactose, and the six-carbon deoxy sugar...
Galactose (/ɡəˈlæktoʊs/, galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about...
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