This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. You can assist by editing it.(February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article needs additional citations for verification. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Demographic transition" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(November 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
(Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In demography, demographic transition is a phenomenon and theory which refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high death rates in societies with minimal technology, education (especially of women) and economic development, to low birth rates and low death rates in societies with advanced technology, education and economic development, as well as the stages between these two scenarios.[1] In economic growth, the demographic transition has swept the world over the past two centuries, and the unprecedented population growth of the post-Malthusian period was reversed, reducing birth rates and population growth significantly in all regions of the world, and enabling economies to translate more of the gains of factor accumulation and technological progress into per capita income growth. The demographic transition strengthens economic growth process by three changes: (i) reduced dilution of capital and land stock, (ii) increased investment in human capital, and (iii) increased size of the labor force relative to the total population and changed age population distribution.[2] Although this shift has occurred in many industrialized countries, the theory and model are frequently imprecise when applied to individual countries due to specific social, political and economic factors affecting particular populations.[1]
However, the existence of some kind of demographic transition is widely accepted in the social sciences because of the well-established historical correlation linking dropping fertility to social and economic development.[3] Scholars debate whether industrialization and higher incomes lead to lower population, or whether lower populations lead to industrialization and higher incomes. Scholars also debate to what extent various proposed and sometimes inter-related factors such as higher per capita income, lower mortality, old-age security, and rise of demand for human capital are involved.[4] Human capital gradually increased in the second stage of the industrial revolution, which coincided with the demographic transition. The increasing role of human capital in the production process led to the investment of human capital in children by families, which may be the beginning of the demographic transition.[5]
^ ab"Models of Demographic Transition [ Biz/ed Virtual Developing Country ]". web.csulb.edu. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
^Galor, Oded (2011). Unified Growth Theory. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9781400838868.
^Myrskylä, Mikko; Kohler, Hans-Peter; Billari, Francesco C. (2009). "Advances in development reverse fertility declines". Nature. 460 (7256): 741–3. Bibcode:2009Natur.460..741M. doi:10.1038/nature08230. PMID 19661915. S2CID 4381880.
^Galor, Oded (17 February 2011). "The demographic transition: causes and consequences". Cliometrica. 6 (1): 1–28. doi:10.1007/s11698-011-0062-7. PMC 4116081. PMID 25089157.
^Galor, Oded (2005). "The Demographic Transition and the Emergence of Sustained Economic Growth" (PDF). Journal of the European Economic Association. 3 (2–3): 494–504. doi:10.1162/jeea.2005.3.2-3.494. hdl:10419/80187.
and 30 Related for: Demographic transition information
In demography, demographictransition is a phenomenon and theory which refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high death rates in societies...
The Neolithic demographictransition was a period of rapid population growth following the adoption of agriculture by prehistoric societies (the Neolithic...
some of the most compelling evidence to date of the demographic dividend. The demographictransition in East Asia occurred over 5–15 years during the 1950s...
Implications of Global Demographic Trends"[1] Archived 10 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine Heinsohn, G. (2006): "Demography and War" (online) Archived...
per sq mi). The population of the UK has undergone demographictransition—that is, the transition from a (typically) pre-industrial population, with high...
Related: Income and fertility Demographic dividend DemographictransitionDemographic gift Demographic window Demographic trap Preston curve Development...
"內政部全球資訊網-中文網". "Taiwan Age structure – Demographics". www.indexmundi.com. "Stage 5 of the DemographicTransition Model – Population Education". populationeducation...
April 2013. "Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations. "Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations. "MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health...
explosion". World portal Demographics of the world Anthropocene Birth control Coastal population growth Demographictransition Doomsday argument Family...
every region of the world and is a result of a process known as demographictransition. To maintain its population, ignoring migration, a country requires...
of rapid population growth, a phenomenon known as the Neolithic demographictransition. These developments, sometimes called the Neolithic package, provided...
Revolution around 1800 AD brought about what has come to be called the demographictransition, and the TFR began a long-term decline in almost every region of...
Mobility transitionDemographic gravitation Demographictransition model Zelinsky, Wilbur (April 1971). "The Hypothesis of the Mobility Transition". Geographical...
population growth rate Demographic history Demographictransition Density dependence Ecological overshoot Epidemiological transition Human population planning...
boom Demographic analysis Demographictransition List of countries by median age Middle East Youth Initiative Overpopulation Political demography Population...
death rates. This transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates is often referred to as the demographictransition. Human population...
because once this happens a country moves to a different stage in the demographictransition model. Even in the face of extreme measures aimed at lowering reproductive...
21,000,000 to 34,000,000. The era saw the demographictransition take place in Germany. It was a transition from high birth rates and high death rates...
Kingdom are in demographic decline in the United States, Canada, Latin America, and the United Kingdom, respectively. White demographic decline can also...
and mortality rates. Britain was the first country to undergo the demographictransition and the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions. The population...
Nutrition transition is the shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure that coincides with economic, demographic, and epidemiological changes...
of Japan 2065 (middle-birth, middle-death scenario case) Japan demographictransition 1888–2019 Japan collects census information every five years, with...
Population momentum is a consequence of the demographictransition. Population momentum explains why a population will continue to grow even if the fertility...
decrease of 3.45 million from 2011. This trend, resulting from a demographictransition, is anticipated to continue until at least 2030. The World Factbook...
American Political Science Association Coale, Ansley J. (1989). "DemographicTransition". Social Economics. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 16–23. doi:10...
aspects. The demography of the Albania is monitored by the Institute of Statistics of Albania. The institute has performed demographic censuses since...
rate of the country is positive. Cuba is in the fourth stage of demographictransition. In terms of age structure, the population is dominated (71.1%)...
that all result from increased GDP per capita, consistent with the demographictransition model. The increase in GDP in Eastern Europe after 1990 has been...
biological populations, demographic analysis uses administrative records to develop an independent estimate of the population. Demographic analysis estimates...