Number of children a woman is expected to have barring select circumstances
Not to be confused with birth rate.
Map of countries by fertility rate, according to the Population Reference Bureau
The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime if:
they were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through their lifetime
and they were to live from birth until the end of their reproductive life.[1]
It is obtained by summing the single-year age-specific rates at a given time. As of 2023[update], the total fertility rate varied widely across the world, from 0.72 in South Korea[2] to 6.73 in Niger.[3][4]
Fertility tends to be correlated with levels of economic development. Historically, developed countries have significantly lower fertility rates, generally correlated with greater wealth, education, urbanization, and other factors. Conversely, in least developed countries, fertility rates tend to be higher. Families desire children for their labor and as caregivers for their parents in old age. Fertility rates are also higher due to the lack of access to contraceptives, generally lower levels of female education, and lower rates of female employment. It does not significantly correlate with any particular religion.[5]
As of 2020, the total fertility rate for the world is 2.3.[6] The global TFR has declined rapidly since the 1960s, and some forecasters like Sanjeev Sanyal argue that the effective global fertility rate will fall below global replacement rate, estimated to be 2.3, in the 2020s.[7][8] Projections of world human population indicate the transition from long-term growth to long-term decline during the period 2050–2070.[7] The United Nations predicts that global fertility will continue to decline for the remainder of this century and reach a below-replacement level of 1.8 by 2100,[9] and that world population will peak during the period 2084–2088.[10]
^"Definitions and Notes - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 2022-04-18. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
^"South Korea's birth rate has become a national emergency".
^"World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". population.un.org. Archived from the original on 2020-06-04. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
^Cite error: The named reference :5 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Rosling, Hans (2019). Factfulness. Sceptre. pp. 89, 176. ISBN 978-1-473-63747-4.
^"Fertility rate, total (births per woman)". The World Bank. Archived from the original on 2019-11-29. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
^ abSanyal, Sanjeev (30 October 2011). "The End of Population Growth". Project Syndicate. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2012.
^Gietel-Basten, Stuart; Scherbov, Sergei (December 2, 2019). "Is half the world's population really below 'replacement-rate'?". PLOS ONE. 14 (12): e0224985. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1424985G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0224985. PMC 6886770. PMID 31790416.
^Cite error: The named reference :8 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"World Population Prospects 2022, Standard Projections, Compact File, Variant tab, Total Population as of 1 January (thousands) column". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. 2022.
and 28 Related for: Total fertility rate information
The TotalFertilityRate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that are born to a woman over her lifetime if: they were to experience...
This is a list of all sovereign states and dependencies by totalfertilityrate (TFR): the expected number of children born per woman in her child-bearing...
states, fertilityrate has fallen well below the replacement level of 2.1 and the country is fast approaching the replacement level itself. The total fertility...
This is a list of values of totalfertilityrates by federal subjects of Russia. Source: Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости Out of the dozens of groups...
following figures show the totalfertilityrates since the first years of British colonisation. The crude birth rate is the total number of live births per...
Fertility is the ability to conceive a child. The fertilityrate is the average number of children born during an individual's lifetime and is quantified...
the totalfertilityrate was 5.9 children per woman, with 6.6 in rural areas and 4.5 in urban areas. TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and...
countries and territories, in 2018, the West Bank ranked 48th with a totalfertilityrate (TFR) of 3.2, and the Gaza Strip ranked 31st with a TFR of 3.97 according...
There is generally an inverse correlation between income and the totalfertilityrate within and between nations. The higher the degree of education and...
Note: Crude migration change (per 1000) is an extrapolation The totalfertilityrate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good...
Birth rate, also known as natality, is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period...
following estimates. Source: TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Fertilityrates are estimated by Surveys (TDHS)...
455,698 villages by the time of Aurangzeb (reigned 1658–1707). The totalfertilityrate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good...
Maramureș County (where they make up 6.77% of the population). The totalfertilityrate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good...
rising average age of marriages. The totalfertilityrate fell from 2.4 in 1969–70 to 2.3 in 1978–79. The crude death rate had been gradually decreasing as...
permanent employment.[citation needed] TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Source: UN World Population Prospects...
prepared the following estimates. TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Fertility data as of 2011 (DHS Program):...
Kyūshū, Shikoku, and Okinawa (except for the 1945 census values). The totalfertilityrate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good...
peaked at about 51 million people. However, in recent years the totalfertilityrate (TFR) of South Korea has plummeted, leading some researchers to suggest...
Population Department of the United Nations. TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Demographic statistics according...
prepared the following estimates. TotalFertilityRate (TFR)(Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Fertility data as of 2011 and 2016 (DHS Program):...
Population Department of the United Nations. TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted TFR) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR) : Fertility data as of 2013–2014 (DHS Program):...
As of 2022[update], Chinese state media reported the country's totalfertilityrate to be 1.09. China was the world's most populous country from at least...
Department of the United Nations. TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Fertility data as of 2013 (DHS Program):...
totalfertilityrate of the world is estimated at 2.32 children per woman, which is slightly below the global average for the replacement fertility rate...
Institute of Statistics (2016).): TotalFertilityRate (TFR) (Wanted FertilityRate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Fertility data as of 2011 (DHS Program):...
Global Information