The Cascade Volcanic Arc is a chain of volcanoes stretching from southern British Columbia down to northern California. Within the arc there is a variety of stratovolcanoes like Mount Rainier and broad shield volcanoes like Medicine Lake. But calderas are very rare in the Cascades, with very few forming over the 39 million[1] year lifespan of the arc.
The few eruptions that do form calderas rarely make it into the VEI 7 range, staying confined to the VEI 6 range in most cases. The only volcanoes known to have produced eruptions within the VEI 7 range are Crater Lake, the Mt. Baker Volcanic Field, and the Lassen Volcanic Center.
All of the exceptionally large caldera-forming eruptions within the cascades erupted silica-rich magmas, with the three VEI 7s erupting mainly rhyodacite and rhyolite.
Crater Lake, the most recent caldera to form in the CascadesKulshan Caldera's intracaldera ignimbrite deposit near Upper Swift Creek in the northwestern Mount Baker volcanic field, Washington.
^"The Restless Northwest | WSU Press | Washington State University". Retrieved 29 December 2022.
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