Inscription in Carian of the name 𐊨𐊣𐊠𐊦𐊹𐊸, qlaλiś[1]
Region
Ancient southwestern Anatolia
Ethnicity
Carians
Era
attested 7th–3rd century BCE[2]
Language family
Indo-European
Anatolian
Luwo-Lydian
Luwo-Palaic
Luwic
Lyco-Carian
Carian–Milyan
Carian
Early forms
Proto-Indo-European
Proto-Anatolian
Writing system
Carian script
Language codes
ISO 639-3
xcr
Linguist List
xcr
Glottolog
cari1274
The Carian language is an extinct language of the Luwic subgroup of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, spoken by the Carians. The known corpus is small, and the majority comes from Egypt. Circa 170 Carian inscriptions from Egypt are known, whilst only circa 30 are known from Caria itself.[3]
Caria is a region of western Anatolia between the ancient regions of Lycia and Lydia, a name possibly first mentioned in Hittite sources. Carian is closely related to Lycian and Milyan (Lycian B), and both are closely related to, though not direct descendants of, Luwian. Whether the correspondences between Luwian, Carian, and Lycian are due to direct descent (i.e. a language family as represented by a tree-model), or are due to the effects of a sprachbund, is disputed.[4]
^Palaeolexicon. "The Carian word qlaλiś".
^Carian at MultiTree on the Linguist List
^Lajara, I.J.A.; Chatty, D. (2007). The Carian Language. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Brill. p. 17. ISBN 978-90-04-15281-6. The most direct and important sources of Carian language are obviously the inscriptions in Carian alphabet, although strangely the bulk of this epigraphic corpus does not come from Caria itself, but from various other locations in Egypt... About 170 inscriptions have been found in Egypt to date. All these texts are relatively short, given their typology (onomastic formulae in funerary texts Carians were somewhat laconic when writing epitaphs and brief graffiti). The epigraphic material found in Caria itself is far less abundant (approximately 30 inscriptions), but it includes several texts that are more extensive than those discovered in Egypt, particularly the following three: a decree from Kaunos whose precise terms are still unknown (C.Ka 2), the proxeny decree for two Athenian citizens written in Carian and Greek, also from Kaunos (C.Ka 5), and a decree enacted by the Carian satraps Idrieus and Ada, possibly concerning a syngeneia of the temple of the god Sinuri, near Mylasa (C.Si 2). To these three inscriptions now must be added the new inscriptions of Mylasa (C.My 1) and Hyllarima (C.Hy 1), the latter in fact a fragment that completes the inscription already known.
^Melchert, H. C. 2008. 'Lycian'. In The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor, ed. R. D. Woodard, 46–55 at p. 46. Cambridge.
The Carianlanguage is an extinct language of the Luwic subgroup of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, spoken by the Carians. The...
spoke the Carianlanguage. It is not clear when the Carians enter into history. The definition is dependent on corresponding Caria and the Carians to the...
The Carian alphabets are a number of regional scripts used to write the Carianlanguage of western Anatolia. They consisted of some 30 alphabetic letters...
Anatolian languages family, as well as Latin avus, all meaning "grandfather". Another derivation for Kukas suggests that it might be a loanword from Carian Quq...
the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges...
now classified as a separate language. Carian was spoken in Caria. It is fragmentarily attested from graffiti by Carian mercenaries and other members...
BC, Greek-Carian bilinguals in Caria suggest the Carians shared their former ancestral land amicably with the Greeks. The Carianlanguage is not Greek...
the Carian and the Paleo-Balkan languages problem. In 1966, he suggested his own interpretation of the Carian alphabet, and his own reading of Carian inscriptions;...
one of the most important known find-sites for inscriptions in the Carianlanguage. Extensive excavations halted in 1937 and organised archaeological...
ancient name was probably borrowed from Carian, a Luwic language native to pre-Greek Western Anatolia. The Carian name for Halicarnassus has been tentatively...
Kaunos (Carian: Kbid; Lycian: Xbide; Ancient Greek: Καῦνος; Latin: Caunus) was a city of ancient Caria and in Anatolia, a few kilometres west of the modern...
Synagogue, language unknown, undeciphered but closely resembles the Lydian script, hence the name. The Carian script, recording the Carianlanguage, known...
Kildara is the find-spot of one inscription in the Carianlanguage using a unique local type of Carian script. Its site is located near Asardağ, Asiatic...
This is a list of languages arranged by age of the oldest existing text recording a complete sentence in the language. It does not include undeciphered...
between words." Omniglot.com – Carian "The Carian alphabet appears in about 100 pieces of graffiti inscriptions left by Carian mercenaries who served in Egypt...
The Carian Trail (Turkish: Karia Yolu) is an 820 km long-distance footpath exploring the South Western corner of Turkey through the modern provinces of...
whether these were a single language or two closely related languages. Several other Anatolian languages – particularly Carian, Lycian, and Milyan (also...
existence of a peculiar indigenous language in the city of Side. Sidetic was probably closely related to Lydian, Carian and Lycian. The Sidetic script is...
the Lydian language is usually not categorized as part of the Luwic subgroup, unlike the other nearby Anatolian languages Luwian, Carian, and Lycian...
inhabitants of Asia Minor, where the native tongues (Phrygian, Lycian, Lydian, Carian etc.), except Armenian in the east, had become extinct and replaced by Greek...
Palaic, Lycian, Milyan, Lydian, Carian, Pisidian, Sidetic and Isaurian. Unlike most other Indo-European languages, Hittite does not distinguish between...
some sort, although the word may have had a different meaning in the Carianlanguage, now lost except for a few dozen words. The Ionians leagued together...
In Greek mythology, the naiads (/ˈnaɪædz, ˈneɪædz, -ədz/; Greek: ναϊάδες, translit. naïádes) are a type of female spirit, or nymph, presiding over fountains...
for example, Herodotus, Histories, II.154.1. Inscriptions in the Carianlanguage and alphabet have been found in many parts of Egypt. "Cyrene". Livius...
extinct language may be narrowly defined as a language with no native speakers and no descendant languages. Under this definition, a language becomes...