"Maeonia" and "Maionia" redirect here. For the town of that name, see Maionia in Lydia.
For other uses, see Lydia (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Lycia.
Kingdom of Lydia
1200–546 BC
Map of the Lydian Kingdom in its final period of sovereignty under Croesus, c. 547 BC.
Capital
Sardis
Common languages
Lydian
Religion
Lydian religion
Government
Monarchy
Kings[a]
• 680–644 BC
Gyges
• 644–637 BC
Ardys
• 637–635 BC
Sadyattes
• 635–585 BC
Alyattes
• 585–546 BC
Croesus
Historical era
Iron Age
• Bronze Age Collapse
1200 BC
• Lydian-Cimmerian Wars
670–630s BC
• Lydian–Milesian War
612–600 BC
• Lydian-Median War
590–585 BC
• Fall to Persia
546 BC
Currency
Croeseid
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Hittites
Phrygia
Cimmerians
Treri
Ionian League
Achaemenid Empire
Lydia (Ancient Greek: Λυδία, romanized: Lȳdiā; Latin: Lȳdia) was an Iron Age kingdom situated in the west of Asia Minor, in modern-day Turkey. The ethnic group inhabiting this kingdom are known as the Lydians, and their language as Lydian and their capital was Sardis.[1]
The Kingdom of Lydia existed from about 1200 BC to 546 BC. At its greatest extent, during the 7th century BC, it covered all of western Anatolia. In 546 BC, it became a satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire, known as Sparda in Old Persian. In 133 BC, it became part of the Roman province of Asia.
The region of the Lydian kingdom was during the 15th–14th centuries BC part of the Arzawa kingdom. However, the Lydian language is usually not categorized as part of the Luwic subgroup, unlike the other nearby Anatolian languages Luwian, Carian, and Lycian.[2]
Lydian coins, made of silver, are among the oldest in existence, dated to around the 7th century BC.[3][4]
Portrait of Croesus, last King of Lydia, Attic red-figure amphora, painted ca. 500–490 BC.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Rhodes, P.J. A History of the Classical Greek World 478–323 BC. 2nd edition. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010, p. 6.
^I. Yakubovich, Sociolinguistics of the Luvian Language, Leiden: Brill, 2010, p. 6
^"Lydia" in Oxford Dictionary of English. Oxford University Press, 2010. Oxford Reference Online. 14 October 2011.
^"The origins of coinage". britishmuseum.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
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