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Medical condition
Autoimmune encephalitis
Brain CT scan without contrast enhancement of a patient, female, 8 years old, with Rasmussen's encephalitis.
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a type of encephalitis, and one of the most common causes of noninfectious encephalitis. It can be triggered by tumors, infections, or it may be cryptogenic. The neurological manifestations can be either acute or subacute and usually develop within six weeks. The clinical manifestations include behavioral and psychiatric symptoms, autonomic disturbances, movement disorders, and seizures.[1]
Autoimmune encephalitis can result from a number of autoimmune diseases including:
Rasmussen encephalitis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Behçet's disease
Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Autoimmune limbic encephalitis[2]
Sydenham's chorea
The severity of the condition can be monitored using the Modified Rankin Scale and the clinical assessment scale in autoimmune encephalitis (CASE) score.[3][4]
^Dutra, Lívia Almeida; Abrantes, Fabiano; Toso, Fabio Fieni; Pedroso, José Luiz; Barsottini, Orlando Graziani Povoas; Hoftberger, Romana (January 2018). "Autoimmune encephalitis: a review of diagnosis and treatment". Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 76 (1): 41–49. doi:10.1590/0004-282X20170176. ISSN 0004-282X. PMID 29364393. This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
^Bhalla, D.; Godet, B.; Druet-Cabanac, M.; Preux, PM. (June 2011). "Etiologies of epilepsy: a comprehensive review". Expert Rev Neurother. 11 (6): 861–76. doi:10.1586/ern.11.51. PMID 21651333. S2CID 21190601.
^Lim, Jung-Ah; Lee, Soon-Tae; Moon, Jangsup; Jun, Jin-Sun; Kim, Tae-Joon; Shin, Yong-Won; Abdullah, Suhailah; Byun, Jung Ick; Sunwoo, Jun-Sang; Kim, Keun Tae; Yang, Tae-Won; Lee, Woo-Jin; Moon, Hye Jin; Kim, Dong Wook; Lim, Byung Chan (10 February 2019). "Development of the clinical assessment scale in autoimmune encephalitis". Annals of Neurology. 85 (3): 352–358. doi:10.1002/ANA.25421. PMID 30675918. S2CID 59225372.
^Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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