Proteins separated by SDS-PAGE, Coomassie brilliant blue staining
Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are bands of immunoglobulins that are seen when a patient's blood serum, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is analyzed. They are used in the diagnosis of various neurological and blood diseases. Oligoclonal bands are present in the CSF of more than 95% of patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis.[1]
Two methods of analysis are possible: (a) protein electrophoresis, a method of analyzing the composition of fluids, also known as "SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)/Coomassie blue staining", and (b) the combination of isoelectric focusing/silver staining. The latter is more sensitive.[2]
For the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, a sample is first collected via lumbar puncture (LP). Normally it is assumed that all the proteins that appear in the CSF, but are not present in the serum, are produced intrathecally (inside the central nervous system). Therefore, it is normal to subtract bands in serum from bands in CSF when investigating CNS diseases. A sample of blood serum is usually obtained from a clotted blood sample taken around the time of the LP.
^Correale J, de los Milagros M, Molinas B (2002). "Oligoclonal bands and antibody responses in Multiple Sclerosis". Journal of Neurology. 249 (4): 375–389. doi:10.1007/s004150200026. PMID 11967640. S2CID 21523820.
^Davenport RD, Keren DF (1988). "Oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluids: significance of corresponding bands in serum for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis". Clinical Chemistry. 34 (4): 764–5. doi:10.1093/clinchem/34.4.764. PMID 3359616.
Oligoclonalbands (OCBs) are bands of immunoglobulins that are seen when a patient's blood serum, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is analyzed. They are used...
still under research, there are some of them already well stablished: oligoclonalbands: They present proteins that are in the CNS or in blood. Those that...
presence of oligoclonal IgG bands (antibodies produced by B-cells) in the CSF of patients with MS. The presence of these oligoclonalbands has been used...
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breaker, a form of circuit breaker using oil as an insulating medium Oligoclonalbands, bands of immunoglobulins that are seen in a patient's serum or CSF Operations...
Magnetic resonance imaging suggestive of encephalitis CSF pleocytosis, oligoclonalbands or elevated cerebrospinal fluid IgG index, or both Brain biopsy showing...
the central nervous system. The cerebrospinal fluid is tested for oligoclonalbands of IgG on electrophoresis, which are inflammation markers found in...
dissemination in time (DIT) can be substituted by a laboratory testing of oligoclonalbands. Second, both symptomatic and asymptomatic lesions can be considered...
evolution is better than standard MS patients, Oligoclonal IgM positive MS, with immunoglobulin-M Bands (IgM-Bands), which accounts for a 30-40% of the MS population...
the cerebrospinal fluid may show increased protein, pleocytosis and oligoclonalbands but this is non-specific. Biopsy of the dorsal nerve root ganglions...
beyond classical white matter lesions, intrathecal Ig production with oligoclonalbands, an environment fostering immune cell persistence, and a disruption...
increased presence of both lymphocytes and neutrophil granulocytes) and oligoclonalbands. Various other tests (e.g. ACE level in CSF) have little added value...
protein (but usually <1.5 g/L), normal glucose, elevated IgG index and oligoclonalbands. Patients with antibodies to voltage-gated potassium channels may...
still under research, there are some of them already well stablished: oligoclonalbands: They present proteins that are in the CNS or in blood. Those that...
sclerosis, transverse myelitis, and neuromyelitis optica of Devic. Oligoclonalbands may be detected in CSF but not in serum, suggesting intrathecal antibody...
per million Multiple sclerosis Central nervous system Unknown, but Oligoclonalbands often present in CSF Confirmed 90 per 100,000 Myasthenia gravis Neuromuscular...
is less sensitive compared to serum testing. Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonalbands, the diagnostic mainstay in multiple sclerosis (MS), are rare in MOG-EM...
normal or shows mild mononuclear inflammatory reaction. CSF-restricted oligoclonalbands are present only in a minority of cases. A mathematical model for...
of chronic inflammation of the central nervous system, looking for oligoclonalbands of IgG on electrophoresis, which are inflammation markers found in...
white matter lesions (NAWM, NAGM), intrathecal Ig production with oligoclonalbands, an environment fostering immune cell persistence, Follicle-like aggregates...
observed.[citation needed] It has been reported that DMS cases show no oligoclonalbands, being therefore distinct from standard MS. Management: Corticosteroids...
Buch, Thorsten; Maiolini, Arianna (25 January 2023). "Assessment of oligoclonalbands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of dogs with meningoencephalitis...
detected in subsequent MRI, developed after one year. The presence of oligoclonalbands in the CSF and spinal cord lesions were associated with an increased...
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