Class of peptides which help cells survive freezing conditions
Insect antifreeze protein, Tenebrio-type
Structure of the Tenebrio molitor beta-helical antifreeze protein[1]
Identifiers
Symbol
AFP
Pfam
PF02420
InterPro
IPR003460
SCOP2
1ezg / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures / ECOD
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Insect antifreeze protein (CfAFP)
Structure of Choristoneura fumiferana (spruce budworm) beta-helical antifreeze protein[2]
Identifiers
Symbol
CfAFP
Pfam
PF05264
InterPro
IPR007928
SCOP2
1m8n / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures / ECOD
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Fish antifreeze protein, type I
Identifiers
Symbol
?
InterPro
IPR000104
SCOP2
1wfb / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Fish antifreeze protein, type II
Identifiers
Symbol
?
InterPro
IPR002353
CATH
2py2
SCOP2
2afp / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Fish antifreeze protein, type III
Identifiers
Symbol
?
InterPro
IPR006013
SCOP2
1hg7 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
See also the SAF domain (InterPro: IPR013974).
Ice-binding protein-like (sea ice organism)
Identifiers
Symbol
DUF3494
Pfam
PF11999
InterPro
IPR021884
Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures / ECOD
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) or ice structuring proteins refer to a class of polypeptides produced by certain animals, plants, fungi and bacteria that permit their survival in temperatures below the freezing point of water. AFPs bind to small ice crystals to inhibit the growth and recrystallization of ice that would otherwise be fatal.[3] There is also increasing evidence that AFPs interact with mammalian cell membranes to protect them from cold damage. This work suggests the involvement of AFPs in cold acclimatization.[4]
^Daley ME, Spyracopoulos L, Jia Z, Davies PL, Sykes BD (April 2002). "Structure and dynamics of a beta-helical antifreeze protein". Biochemistry. 41 (17): 5515–25. doi:10.1021/bi0121252. PMID 11969412.
^Leinala EK, Davies PL, Doucet D, Tyshenko MG, Walker VK, Jia Z (September 2002). "A beta-helical antifreeze protein isoform with increased activity. Structural and functional insights". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (36): 33349–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205575200. PMID 12105229.
^Goodsell D (December 2009). "Molecule of the Month: Antifreeze Proteins". The Scripps Research Institute and the RCSB PDB. doi:10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2009_12. Archived from the original on 2015-11-04. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
Antifreezeproteins (AFPs) or ice structuring proteins refer to a class of polypeptides produced by certain animals, plants, fungi and bacteria that permit...
An antifreeze is an additive which lowers the freezing point of a water-based liquid. An antifreeze mixture is used to achieve freezing-point depression...
acyltransferase and archaeal carbonic anhydrase. Other proteins that contain beta helices include the antifreezeproteins from the beetle Tenebrio molitor (right-handed)...
deliberate dehydration in conjunction with the antifreezeproteins. This concentrates the antifreezes several fold. The hemolymph of the mealworm beetle...
(32–39 °F), but may tolerate colder temperatures owing to the presence of antifreezeprotein compounds in its blood. They group in large schools in ice-free waters...
insects, fish and amphibians create cryoprotectants (antifreeze compounds and antifreezeproteins) in their bodies to minimize freezing damage during cold...
Lin FH, et al. (1 March 2007). "Structural modeling of snow flea antifreezeprotein". Biophysical Journal. 92 (5): 1717–1723. Bibcode:2007BpJ....92.1717L...
Glycoproteins are proteins which contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to amino acid side-chains. The carbohydrate is attached to the protein in a cotranslational...
temperatures as low as -15°C for 24 hours. This is due to their unique antifreezeproteins, a protein not found in any of their relative Lucanidae and very few insects...
"Mimicry of ice structure by surface hydroxyls and water of a beta-helix antifreezeprotein". Nature. 406 (6793): 322–4. Bibcode:2000Natur.406..322L. doi:10.1038/35018604...
RiAFP refers to an antifreezeprotein (AFP) produced by the Rhagium inquisitor longhorned beetle. It is a type V antifreezeprotein with a molecular weight...
Ocean, off the coast of New England and eastern Canada. The fish has antifreezeproteins in its blood, giving it the ability to survive in near-freezing waters...
they have similar functions. Antifreezeproteins are a perfect example of convergent evolution. Different small proteins with a flat surface which is...
and D. canadensis increases the antifreezeproteins in its hind-gut and primary urine at this time. Its antifreeze molecules are similar to those used...
freeze-tolerant beetle is Upis ceramboides. See insect winter ecology and antifreezeprotein. Another invertebrate that is briefly tolerant to temperatures down...
that aid in maintaining a liquid state, such as the production of antifreezeproteins, or AFPs, which bind to ice crystals to prevent water molecules from...
evolved freeze tolerance mechanism such as antifreezeproteins. Hibernation induction trigger (HIT) proteins isolated from mammals have been used in the...
fetus Antifreezeprotein, a class of proteins that protect from ice damage in certain vertebrates, plants, fungi, and bacteria Antifungal protein, a family...
being able to tolerate cold conditions through their possession of antifreezeproteins. Typically, overwintering organisms can either avoid freezing or...
Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, sweet liquid, commonly found in antifreeze. It may be drunk accidentally or intentionally in a suicide attempt. When...
species, such as Liparis atlanticus and Liparus gibbus, having type-1 antifreezeproteins. It is the most species-rich family of fish in the Antarctic region...
R.S.; Davies, P.L. (2001). Antifreezeprotein from shorthorn sculpin: identification of the ice-binding surface. Protein Sci. 10(12): 2566–2576. Dang...
from shore. They overwinter under the ice in estuaries, producing an antifreezeprotein and glycerol. In the spring, they spawn at night in small streams...
different species. This tomato gained the moniker "fish tomato". The antifreezeprotein was found to inhibit ice recrystallization in the flounder blood,...
become punctuated as population size increases. The evolution of the antifreezeprotein in the Antarctic zoarcid fish Lycodichthys dearborni provides a prime...
borealis produces its own antifreezeproteins. One of these is homologous to Atlantic winter flounder type I antifreezeprotein. Extracellular presence...
contains a family of such proteins. A seasonal photoperiodic timing mechanism is responsible for increasing the antifreezeprotein levels with concentrations...
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